ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช FF

ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื“ืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขืœื” ื”ื ืกื™ืš ื™ืฆืื• ืœืœื ืžืขื˜ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื. ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืœืืจื•ื– ืฉืœืœ ืžืขื™ืœื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœื’ืžืจื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื ื• ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื™ืœื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ืžืชื—ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฉื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ,ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืžืขื™ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ

ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื’'ื•ืกื™ ืงื•ื˜ื•ืจ ื™ืฆื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื—ื“ืฉ ืขื Parade, ื•ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืงื” ื”ืฉื™ืง ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื•ืขื˜. ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื ืจืื•ืช ืœื•ืจื“ืก, ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื•ื ื”, ื‘ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืœืฆื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ืืฉืœื™ ื’ืจื”ืื ื˜ื•ืคืœืก, ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืฉื™ืขืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ืœื ืžืชื ืฆืœ. ื”ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืขืคื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืืœื” - ื›ืš ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื•ืฉื’ื”

ืจื’ืข ืื—ืจื™ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื”-40 ืฉืœื”, ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ื ืœื•ื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™, ืงื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื’ื–ืจื” ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช ืฉืœื” ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจ ืžื”ื”ืื˜-ื˜ืื‘. ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืœืžืช ืขื ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื™ืจื•ืง ืžื˜ืืœื™ ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื™ื ืื˜ื•ืจื™

ืžืœื ื™ื” ื˜ืจืืžืค ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกื—ื•ื˜ ืืช ื”ืžืœืชื—ื” ืฉืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื“ ืœื˜ื™ืคื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืจ ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืขืœ 20 ืืœืฃ ืฉืงืœื™ื ื•ื ืขืœื™ ืžื ื•ืœื• ื‘ืœื ื™ืง ื‘ืคืจื™ื ื˜ ื–ื‘ืจื”. ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืื™ืจื” ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื” ื ืขืœื™ ืกื˜ื™ืœื˜ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืืœื™ื”ืŸ

ื”ื™ื ื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืคืจืก ืžืจื’ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื•ื”ื ื•ื ืฉืœื ื˜ ื”ืืฆื™ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืœื•ืง ื ืื•ื ื”ืชื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื•ืงืœื˜ ืฉืœื” ื–ื”ืจ ืžืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉืขืœื• ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืžืช ื˜ืงืก ื”ืคืจืกื™ื. ืœืงืจืืช "ื•ื•ื ื“ืจ ื•ื•ืžืŸ 1984", ืงื‘ืœื• ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืžื” ื›ื™ืฃ ื–ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš

ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ื–ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ, ืื™ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื˜ืจืืžืค ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื ืจืืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืœื” ืž"ืกื™ืคื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืคื—ื”". ื”ืคื•ืกื˜ ื’ืจืจ ืืœืคื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื—ืœืงืŸ ืืฃ ื˜ืขื ื• ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ. ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืืจืง ื’'ื™ื™ืงื•ื‘ืก ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืœืžืช

ื’'ื•ืืŸ ื™ื•ืืŸ ื ื•ืœื“ื” ื‘ื’'ืžื™ื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ. ื ืžืจื•ื“ ื ื™ืจ ื ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืชื•ืงืฉืจืช ื•ื”ืกืคื™ืง ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืฉืืœื”, ื•ื’ื ืœื”ืจื™ืฅ ืžืคืœื’ื” ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืœื›ื ืกืช. ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื’'ื•ื“ื™ ("ืชื™ื›ื ืก ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”"), ืกื™ืœื‘ืŸ ("ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ ืžื’'ื•ืืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ื ื™ืก"), ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ("ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื›ื—ืช ืžื–ื” ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”"), ื™ื”ื“ื•ืช (ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื—ืจื“ื™, ื”ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืชืœืžื•ื“) ื•ืื”ื‘ื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ

ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• "ืœื ืชืืžื™ื ื• ืžื” ืžื•ื“ืคืก ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืืŸ", ืื‘ืœ ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ืžืžืฉ ืชืืžื™ื ื•. ื’ื ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื ืœื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืงืฆืช ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื”, ื•ื’ื ื›ื™ ื–ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืœืคื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื” ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืœืชื—ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืื ืœื” ืืกื•ืจ, ืœืžื™ ืžื•ืชืจ?

ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื›ื”ืคืชืขื” ืžืฉืžื—ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“: ืื—ืช ื”ืกื•ืคืจืžื•ื“ืœืก ื”ืขืกื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืง ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืขื•ืœื” ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืงืœื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืœื ื’ื ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ืื™ืคื” ืงื ืชื” ืื•ืชื”. ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื•, ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืœื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉื” ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ ื•ื ื’ืžืจื” ื‘ืื›ื–ื‘ื” ื•ืขื’ืžืช ื ืคืฉ

ื”ืืคื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช, ื•ืœืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื“ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืœื˜ืจื ื“. ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืขื“ื™ืŸ, ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจืช ื—ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืžืคืชื— V ืžื“ื•ื™ืง โ€“ ืœื ืคืœื ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื—ื˜ืคืช ืžื”ืžื“ืคื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืžืœืืช ืืช ืคื™ื“ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื

ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืจื’ืœื ื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ืขืœ ื”ื“ื ื™ืช ืืช ืžืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื”, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืจืชื™ื—ื”: ื‘ืกืฉืŸ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืขื•ืฆืจ ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื’ืžื ืช ืœื ื–'ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”'ืก ืกื™ืงืจื˜ ื•ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืื™ืจื” ืื‘ืง ืœืงื•ืœื’ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ื—ืฆื™ ืžื’ื™ืœื”

ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงื” ืฉืœ ืกืจื˜ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ "ื•ื•ื ื“ืจื•ื•ืžืŸ 1984", ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืขื•ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื” ืœื”ืฉืชืจืข ืขืœ ื”ืกืคื”, ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื”. ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืงื” ืขื ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ืฉืœื™ื• ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืœื•ื’ืžืช ืงืคื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื”, ื•ืขืฉืชื” ืœื ื• ื—ืฉืง ืœืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืื•ื•ืจืจ ืืช ืžืœืชื—ืช ืงื™ืฅ 2020 ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื•

ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื™ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื˜ืจืืžืค ื ืคืจื“ืช ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืฆืืช ืœืฆืœืžื™ื ืขื ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื–ืืจื” ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืงืืžืœ ืฉื”ื—ืžื™ืื” ืœื” ืขื“ ืžืื“. ืœื—ืœื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื ืฆื™ื•ื•ืชื” ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืžื—ื™ืจื• ืžื›ื™ืœ ื›ืžื” ืืœืคื™ ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืืจื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืžืื“ ืœื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข ืืœื™ื”

ืžื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืขื ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืงืฆืช ื”ืชืจื—ืงื” ืžื”ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืขืœืชื” ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ืฉืœื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืขื ืง. ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•?

ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื ืจืืชื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืกื’ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฆ'ื™ ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸ ืงืฉื™ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื—ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื—ืจื™ื’ ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช. ื›ื™ ื’ื ืคืจื™ื˜ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ื›ืžืขื˜ 3,500 ืฉืงืœื™ื ืœื ืžื’ื™ืข ืขื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืคืขืœื” ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช