ืจืืฉื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื

ืžืขื™ืœ ื”ื˜ืจื ืฅ' ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืžื’ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื’ืžืช 'ื”ื˜ืจื ืฅ' ื”ืœื ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™' ื”ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช. ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืžืขื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ื•ื˜ืฉื™ื ืืช ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืืžืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื

ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘"ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช" ืื• ื‘ื˜ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ ืฉืœ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื•ื›ื™ืกื•ื™, ืืœื ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžืœืื” ื•ื’ืื”. ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืœื ื–'ืจื™ ืืžื ื ื”ื•ืœืš ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื“ ืขื ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช, ืื‘ืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœืก ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื’ื ืขืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื. ืื™ืš ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ืงื ื“ืœ, ืงื™ื™ืœื™, ื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™ ื•ื“ื ื™ืช ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’, ื•ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืชืขื•ื–ื” ื•ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื“ืœืงืช ืจื™ืื•ืช? ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืจืื•ืช

ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืืชื™ ืงื•ื‘ื• ื’ืจืžื” ืœื‘ื”ืœื” ืœื’ืณื™ื ืก ืฉื›ืžื•ืชื” ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ืขื ื”ืžืœืฆื” ื—ืžื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื“ื’ื ื’ืณื™ื ืก ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ื™ืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ืืจื”, ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ื’ื ืขื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ื” - 169 ืฉืงืœื™ื. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื’ื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืžื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื ืจืื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืœื”ืกืชืงืจืŸ ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ืžืงืจื•ื‘

ื”ืงืืžื‘ืง ื”ืขื ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืžื’ืคื™ ื”ืฆืžืจ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ืช ื•ืžืื•ื“ ืžืคื•ืงืคืงืช. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื” ื’ื ืขื ื—ื•ืชืžืช ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœ ืจืฉืžื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืœื ืขื•ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ

ืืžื™ืœื™ ืจื˜ืื™ื™ืงืื•ืกืงื™ ื•ืกื™ื™ื ื” ืžื™ืœืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืืจื’ื ื• ืขืœ ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืœื‘ื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ืขื•ื ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ืžืืชื’ืจืช, ืฉืœื ืœื•ืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื“ืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจืช, ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ

ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืœื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ื ื” ืœืžืจื›ื– ื”ื‘ืžื” ืขื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืคื™ื“ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจืžื™. ืกืžืœ ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื ืฆื—ื™ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืกืคืง ื”ืฉืจืื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช ืœืžื•ืชื’ื™ื, ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื ื•ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืขื’ื™ืœื™ื, ืฆืžื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช. ืžื•ื–ืžื ื•ืช ืœืงื—ืช ืœืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื›ืŸ

ืžื™ ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœืกื“ืจ ืืจื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื›ื ืจืื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืคื–ืœื” ืœืขื‘ืจื ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื•ื ืืœืฆื” ืœื•ื•ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื” ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืกื“ืจ (ืžืกื•ื™ื) ื‘ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ืœืขื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื‘ืงืœืืกื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืžื ืฆื—ื•ืช

ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืช ื”ื“ื’ืž"ื—, ืžื’ื™ืข ืขื•ื“ ืคืจื™ื˜ ืžื ืฆื— ืฉื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื•ื ื•ืก ืืฆืœื•: ื”ืื•ื‘ืจื•ืœ ื”ืงืœืืกื™, ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื›ืชืคื™ื•ืช. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื•ื”ื˜ ืžื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืคื™ื” ืœื‘ื ื” ืฆืžื•ื“ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืกืงืกื™ ืžืชืžื™ื“

ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืจื’ืข ืœื”ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืœื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื”, ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜-ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื›ืžื• ืงื ื“ืœ ื’'ื ืจ ื•ืืžื™ืœื™ ืจื˜ืื™ื™ืงื•ืืกืงื™ - ื”ื˜ืจื™ืง ื”ื•ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ืืœ ื”ื‘ืจืš. ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืชืืจื’ืŸ ื’ื ืขืœ ืžืขื™ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืงืฆืช ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื

ื–ื” ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืจื’ืขื™ื ื”ื–ื›ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ื”ื–ื›ื•ืจื” ืžืžื™ืœื ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื–ืœ ื‘ืžื™ืœืื ื•: ื”ืจื’ืข ื‘ื• ื ื•ืœื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ "ื”ื—ื’ื•ืจืฆืื™ืช". ื—ื’ื•ืจื” ืžืžืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืื• ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืžืžืฉ ืงื˜ื ื”? ื–ื” ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ืช, ื•ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœืก ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืคื›ื” ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื’ืžื ืช ืืช ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืคืจื™ื˜, ืฉืจื›ืฉื” ื‘-1,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ

ืืžื™ืœื™ ืจื˜ืื™ื™ืงื•ืืกืงื™ ื‘ืœื‘ืœื” ืื•ืชื ื•, ืื•ืœื™ื‘ื™ื” ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ ื”ืคืชื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื ื•, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื ื•: ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื”ืžืชื•ื›ืฉื˜ื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืงื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืกืงืกื™ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžืงืกื™ืžื•ื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ

ื”ืื™ื˜ ื’ื™ืจืœืก ื•ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื• ื‘ืžื’ืคื™ ื”ืฉืคื™ืฅ ื•ื”ื ืžืกืชืžื ื™ื ื›ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ ืื•ืคื ืชื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืขื•ื ื” ื”ืงืจื”. ื”ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืœื ืกื™ืื’ื” ื”ื ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื”ื’ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืคื™ื“. ืžืจืื” ื‘ื•ืขื˜ ื•ืกืงืกื™ ืฉืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœืŸ? ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ืกื•ื“ ื”ืงืกื

ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ืขื–ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื, ื•ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื ื•ื“ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืืœ ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืื’ืŸ, ื”ืžืคืฉืขื” ื•ื”ื™ืฉื‘ืŸ - ื›ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™, ืงื•ืœื™ ื•ืกืงืกื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืœื™ืœ: ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืคืชื—ื• ื›ืคืชื•ืจ

ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืกืœื™ื ื’-ื‘ืง ื”ืื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืื ืœ ืงืžื” ืžืชื—ืจื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ื™ืคื” ื•ื ื—ืฉืงืช ืฉืฉื•ืจืคืช ืืช ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช. ื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืืจื™ืช ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ ืชืงืจื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื™ื, ื›ืืœื” ืฉื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ืฉืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ ื”ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืฉืœื” ืœื ื™ื™ืขืœืžื• ืžื”ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ืœื™ืœื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื“. ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื ื•

ื”ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง, ืื•ื–ืœื•ืช ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ืžืœืื™ ื•ืื– ื ืžื›ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื›ืคื•ืœ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ: ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื™ื“ ื•ืจื’ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืคื›ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืขื“ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื™ื• ืžื–ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—. ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืงืจื”?