ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช FF

ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ื”ืงื•ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจื’'ื™ืืœื” ื‘ื”ื•ื‘ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ืื ื• ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืจืฉืช, ื•ืจืง ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื›ื ื” ืžืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืขื™ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ืคื’ื ื” ืฉื. ื’ื ืžืจืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืคื•ืจ, ืฉื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืคื•ืจืฆืœืŸ, ื”ืชื‘ืจืจื• ืžื™ื“ ื›ืืœืžื ื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—. ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืืŸ ื•ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื’'ื ืจ ื ืจืืชื” ืฉื•ืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ

ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื™ื•ืคื™ ืฉืœ ื™ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืœื ืžืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื•ื ื‘ื’ื“ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ื•ืฉื•ื ืžืืžืฅ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ื. ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ืง ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืฉืจืง ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืคื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืœื” ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”. ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื’'ื™ื ืก ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ื•ื˜ื™ ืฉื™ืจื˜. ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ?

ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืจืฉืช ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ืขืœื™ื” ืœื ืžืขื˜, ืœื•ืคื– ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ืขื ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืงื•ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉื’ืขืช ืฉืœ ืกืงื™ืืคืจืœื™. ื•ื’ื: ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื’'ื ืจ ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ืคื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืกืืŸ ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ (ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืขื ื–ื• ืœื ื—ื•ื›ืžื”) ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืขืฉื• ืœื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืžืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืงื•ื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืคืจื™ื–

ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืกืชื›ื ืช ื‘ื“ืœืงืช ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื‘ื—ืจื” ืงืœื•ืื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฆ'ื™ ื•ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืืช ืœืฉืœื’ ื•ืœื”ืฆื˜ืœื. ืดื–ื” ื ื•ืชืŸ ื•ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืืฉืช ืžืืคื™ื”ืด, ื›ืชื‘ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ื‘ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื”, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืืกืชื˜ื™ืงืช ืืฉืช ื”ืžืืคื™ื” ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ืช, ืฉืกื™ืคืจื ื• ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ

ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื’'ื ืจ ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื– ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื ื•ืืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืœื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช. ืงื™ื™ืœื™, ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืขื™ืจ ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื•ืคื ื”, ื ืฆืคืชื” ื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžืžืกืขื“ื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืžื•ืฆืœื‘ ืขื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื‘ื“ ื”ืฉืงื•ืฃ ืœืžื—ืฆื”. ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืžืชื—ืช ื‘ื’ื“ ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจื•ืฆื”

ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ืฆื ื— ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืขืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื™ืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืœื˜ื™-ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ืจ ืžืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื• ื”-60 ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื—ืœืœื™ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืื—ื•ื–ืชื• ื‘ื‘ื•ื•ืจืœื™ ื”ื™ืœืก ืืช ืฆืžืจืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืืจื•ืกืชื• ืœื•ืจืŸ ืกื ืฆ'ื–, ืื‘ืœ ื ืฆืฆื• ืฉื ื’ื ืื™ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื˜ืจืืžืค, ืคืจื™ืก ื”ื™ืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ืคืจื™ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื•ืช

ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื•ืžืจืงืœ ื•ื”ืืจื™ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื”ืงืจื ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืจื˜ ื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ ืžืืจืœื™ ื‘ื’'ืžื™ื™ืงื”. ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื ืคื•ื—ื” ื•ืฉื™ื“ื›ื” ืœื” ื‘ื’ื“ ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื ื›ืชืคื™ื•ืช ืกืคื’ื˜ื™. ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืœื

ืจื•ืกืœื ื” ืจื•ื“ื™ื ื” ื ืงืœืขื” ืœืกื•ืคื” ื‘ืืชื•ื ื”, ืกื‘ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืงื•ืจ ื•ื“ืื’ื” ืฉืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื™ื™ื“ืขื• ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ืœืžื–ืœื” ื•ืœืžื–ืœื, ื”ื™ื ื ืฆืžื“ื” ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ืขื•ืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช: ืžืขื™ืœ ืฆืžืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉื’ืจืจืช, ืื•ืชื• ื’ื ื”ืฉื›ื™ืœื” ืœืฉืœื‘ ืขื ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช

ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ืœื” ืช'ื•ืจืŸ, ืฉื›ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืชื•ืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ืขืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ื”ืงื•ืจื ืœืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื, ื”ืขืœืชื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืกื˜ ืกื’ืœื’ืœ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ื ื ื”ื•ื˜. ื ื˜ืข ืืœื—ืžื™ืกื˜ืจ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ืงื ืื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืืจ ืขืœ ืจืงืข ื ื•ืคื™ ืื™ืกืœื ื“ ื”ืงืคื•ืื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉื’ืขื™ื. ื–ื ืงื• ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื ืจืฆืฃ ืœื•ืงื™ื ื—ืžื™ืžื™ื, ืžืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืคืชื™ืขื™ื, ื›ืฉื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื— ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ

ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ืฉืงืช ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ื›ื™ื›ื•ื‘ื”, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื ื™ืงื•ืœ ืงื™ื“ืžืŸ ืœืคืจื™ืžื™ื™ืจื” ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื™ื ื•ืก 6, ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื ื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ืดืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื ืจื ื“ื•ืžืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื•ืช", ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจืช ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืดืื ื™ ืงื•ืจืืช ืœื”ืŸ ืณื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื˜ื™ื ืื™ื™ื’ืณืจื™ืชืณ ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช"

ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืœื•ืง ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ื‘ืคืจืง ืฉืœ "ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืœืื™ืจื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื•ืŸ" ืฉืฉื•ื“ืจ ืืชืžื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœื—ืœื™ืคื” ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ืฉืœื” - ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืืกื™ื‘ื™ืช, ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช

ืžืœื›ื•ื‘ ื ืจืืชื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ืฉืžืชืืคื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื, ืงื•ืœืจ ืงืฉื™ืจื”, ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื’ื‘ ื•ืฉืกืข ืฆื“ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช. ืขื ืฉืžืœื” ื›ื–ืืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ืื‘ื™ื–ืจื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืจื’ื•ืขื™ื - ื•ืžืœื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื—ื•ื›ืžื”

ืงืœ ืœืคืกืคืก, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืงื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืชืขื ื•ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืขื•ืžื“ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืคื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื—ื•ื— ืื ื ืก. ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื• ืฆื•ืœื ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ืฉื ื”, ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืงื ื“ื™ืก ืกื•ื•ื ืคื•ืœ ื›ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื‘ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ื•ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื—ืฉืง ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืœื™ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืขื•ืจืจ ื›ืžื” ืกืขืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ืชื‘ื˜ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืื– ื”ืชื ืฆืœ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ื ืจืื” ืฉืงื ื™ื” ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื’ื“ื ื•. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืขืœืชื” ืœืจืฉืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืฉืœ ืœื”ืงืช ื‘ืœืืง ืžื˜ืืœ ืขื ืชืžื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืœืŸ - ื ื™ืื•-ื ืืฆื™ ืžื•ืฆื”ืจ ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ืจืฉืข ื‘ืจืฆื—. ืžื” ื ืกื’ืจ?