ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”ืื™ื˜ ื’ื™ืจืœืก

ื“ื™ืืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ื˜ืกื” ืœืจื•ื“ื•ืก, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื” ืขื ืจื‘ื™ื“ ืคืœื•ื˜ื ื™ืง ืื‘ืœ ื›ื ืจืื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืœื ืœืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ, ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ื•ื”ืืงืก ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ืฉืœ ืขื“ืŸ ืคื™ื ืก ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื˜ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื”ืจื ื• ืœื‘ืจืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘

ืกืื ื” ืžืจื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขืฆืžื”. ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืœืชื” ื‘ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ื›ืžื” ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืขื–ื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ืงื ื“ืœ, ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ. ื›ืžื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?

ืžืจื™ื” ืงื™ืืจื”, ื ืกื™ื›ืช ื‘ื•ืจื‘ื•ืŸ-ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกื™ืฆื™ืœื™ื•ืช, ื ื•ืคืฉืช ืœื” ื‘ืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืžืคื ืง ื‘ืกืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืชืขืชืข ื‘ื ื• ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจืช ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ ื—ื’ื’ื” 18. ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื›ื” ืขื ื™ื—ื•ืก ื ื—ืฉืง ื•ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื’ืžืจ

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืœืงื—ื” ื”ืคืกืงื” ืžื”ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ ื•ื™ืฆืื” ืœื”ืคืœื’ื” ืขื ืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช โ€“ ื’'ืฃ ื‘ื–ื•ืก. ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื“ืœื’ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืจืขื ืŸ ืžืžื•ืชื’ ืžื•ืฆืœื—. ืื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืง, ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืคืจืืฆื™ ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื•ืช: ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื—ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื

ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ืžืฉืš, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจืงืข ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื›ืกืคื™ ืขื ืžืฉื” ืคืจืฅ ืื’ื ื‘ื•ื—ื‘ื•ื˜ ืขืœืชื” ืืžืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืžืœืืช ื’ืœืื, ื‘ืกื˜ ืชื•ืื ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื•ื—ื–ื™ื™ื” - ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื ืงืจื™ืกื˜ืœื™ื ืฉื–ื”ืจื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœื”. ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืื—ืจืื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช ืขืœ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืกื˜ืืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช

ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืืชื ืคื”, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ืฆื™-ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ืžื•ืจ ืจื“ืžื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืฉื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืžืจืช ืœืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื•ื”ืคืขื, ืงื‘ืœื• ืžืžื ื” ื˜ื™ืค ืžื ืฆื— ืœืœื•ืง ื”ืงื™ืฆื™ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื

ืืชืžื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื”, ืขื•ืžืจ ืื“ื, ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ื˜ื•ืค ื“ื ื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ื›ืคืชื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื’'ื™ื ืก ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ื ืžื•ื›ื”, ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืจื’ืข ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”-2000. ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื—ื•ื ืื™ืžื™ื, ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ืœื ื• ื—ืฉืง ืœื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช

ืžืฉืชืชืคืช "ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ" ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ื ื•ืฃ ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจื” ื‘ืžืื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœ, ื•ืžืื– ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืฉืื•ืคืฃ ืื•ืชื”. ื™ืฆืื ื• ืœืžืกืข ื‘ืคื™ื“ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ืฉืœื” ื•ื—ื–ืจื ื• ืขื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืจืื”

ืœืฆื“ ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื•ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™, ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืกืœื™ื ื” ื’ื•ืžื– ื ืจืื™ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื’ื ืœืžืขืžื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจืืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ. ื”ืื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื™ืคื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื” ื”ื•ื ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื•ืง, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกืœืคื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ื ื•ืกื—ื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื•ืš ื•ื—ืฆืื™ืช ื’'ื™ื ืก

ืืชืžื•ืœ ื‘ืคืจืง ืฉืœ "ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ" ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืžื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื ื™ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœืขื•ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ - ืชื™ืง ืžื”ืžื ื‘ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจืช ืงืจื•ืงื•ื“ื™ืœ. ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ืœื ื–ื•ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ื–ืืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื—?

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื—ืฉืคื” ืืช ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืฉืขื‘ืจื”, ื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ืช ื”-21 ื”ืฉื™ืงื” ืืช ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื”, ื•ืขืฉืชื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช. ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื™ื” ืขื–ืจืŸ ืฉื™ื”ืœืžื• ืืช ืžื™ "ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืœืงื•ื ื•ืœืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ืฉืœื”"

ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื” ื”ื™ืคื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืืœื™ืก ื”ืืฆ'ื™ื ืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš. ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื, ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืขืจื‘, ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ โ€“ ื’ื ืžืขื™ืœื™ ืคืืคืจ (ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ื›ืช ืกืงื™), ื•ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืจืื”

ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืขืžื•ืกื”, ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื” ืžื ื•ื—ื”. ื”ื™ื ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืŸ ื™ืคื”ืคื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื•ืืจื–ื” ืื™ืชื” ื›ืžื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ื•ืฃ: ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื ืจื•ืชื— ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื ื”ื•ื˜, ืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืกืจื•ื’ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื•ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืžืœื•ื˜ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžืจ. ืคืื™ื™ื˜ื™ื, ืชื•ืคืชืขื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข, ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื

ืœืžื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœื™ืจื— ื“ื‘ืฉ ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฆืืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื”? ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื˜ืกื” ืœืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ืขื ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื”, ื•ืืจื–ื” ืื™ืชื” ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืฆื ืœื ื• ืžื”ืจืืฉ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืงื™ืฅ

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืกื™ืคืงื” ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ื›ื ื” ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฆืฅ ื‘ืคื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื–ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ืจ ืžืœื›ื•ื‘ ืงืคืฆื” ืœื’ื™ื—ื” ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื‘ืื™, ื•ืœืฆื“ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื ืฉืœื”, ืืจื–ื” ื’ื ืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžืžื ื” - ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืืชืจ ื–ืืจื”