ืจืืฉื™ ืžืืžืจื™ื ืžืืช ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืคื’ื™

ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช "ื”ื›ืชืจ" ื‘ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื•ื ืฆื™ื”, ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืœื™ ืื™ื™ืœื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ื˜ืจื ื“ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ื’ืจืกื” ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ืช ืœืœื•ืง ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜, ื•ื”ืฉื™ื’ื•ืขื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืคื•ืงืก. ืื– ืœืžื” ืžื™ ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื’'ื™ื™ืงื•ื‘ ืืœื•ืจื“ื™? ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื”

ืกื“ืจืช ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืชื•ื”ื” "ื”ืื ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขื ื–ืืจื”", ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืžืกืงื ื” ืฉืžืžืฉ ืœื. ื•ื’ื: ืœื™ื” ืฉื•ืŸ ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืื•ืคื ื” ืžื˜ืจื™ืคื” ื•"ื ืขืจืช ื”ืขื’ื‘ื ื™ื”" ื”ื™ื ื”ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœ ืฉืœ ืงื™ืฅ 2023. ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื”

ื”ืฉืงืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื” ืžืกืชื“ืจืช ืžืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื”ืžื™ืชื•ื’ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื›"ื ืขืจืช ื”ืชื•ืช ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช", ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขื ืžื” ืฉืžืกืชืžืŸ ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช: ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืฉื’ืขื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืœืขื–ืื–ืœ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ?

ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื•ืคืข ื”ืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ ืฉืœื” ื‘ื”ื™ื›ืœ ืžื ื•ืจื”, ืขื“ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ืงืŸ ืฉืœืคื” ืืช ื”ืชื•ืชื—ื™ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ื“ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”: ื“ื ื™ ืœื•ื™, ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉื—ื™ื” ื‘ืืœ ืื™ื™ ื•ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืืŸ. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืฉื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืื ื™ื ืœืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ, ืฉืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื•ืœืžื™ื ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืืช ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉื‘ื• ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื”

ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืงื ื™ื” ื•ื•ืกื˜ ื•ื‘ื™ืื ืงื” ืกื ืกื•ืจื™ ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื ื”ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜-ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ ื”ื›ื™ ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืขืช, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื›ืžื” ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, ืฉื ืžื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื”ืคืขื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื˜ื•ืงื˜ื‘ืง ื›ื•ืขืก

ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื‘ื ื‘ื›ื™ ื”ืžื’ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื›ืŸ (ืื• ืฉืœ ืืžื ืฉืœื›ืŸ) - ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืชืžืฆืื• ืฉื ืื™ื–ื• ื—ื’ื•ืจื” ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช ืฉื›ื™ื›ื‘ื” ื‘ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื— ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช. ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ืข ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืชืคืงื™ื“, ื•ื›ืžื” ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืงืฉื•ืจ - ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ

ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ื•ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ืงืก ื ื—ืœืงื™ื, ืœืจื•ื‘, ืœืฉื ื™ ื–'ืื ืจื™ื: ืืœื” ืฉืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื–ื• ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืงืกื™ืžืœื™ืช ื•ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื•ืช ื ื•ืขื–ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืืœื ืฉื”ื“ื’ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืฉื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžืกืชืžืŸ ื›ืฉื™ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ืฆื” ื–'ืื ืจื™ื, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื›ื•ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืื•ื–ืœ ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืœืื™

ืงืจื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื” ืื•ื•ืืงื™ืืŸ ืคืชื—ื” ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง ืจืง ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืฉื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•. ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื“ื’ืžื ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืขืœ ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืชื—ืชื™ืช, ื–ื” ืฉื”ื˜ืจื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืื—ื“ ืกื•ืœื™ื“ื™ ืœืžื“ื™ - ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืœื’ื•ืจื™ืชื ืืžืจ ืืช ื“ื‘ืจื• ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื’ื ืœื›ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืขื” ืขืœ ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื•ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ืฉืœื”

ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื”ืžืกื—ืจืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ืคืงื˜ื•ืจื™ 54 ืฉื•ื‘ ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืžืชื—ื ืคื•ืค-ืืค ืขื ืง ืฉื™ืฆื™ืข ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆื“ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื”ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืœื ืกื™ืื’ื”, ื•ืจืกืืฆ'ื”, ื–'ืืงืžื•ืก ืื• ื‘ื•ื˜ื’ื” ื•ื ื˜ื” - ื‘ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืœื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ ืคืขื. ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื

ื“ื ื™ืืœ ืœื ืงื•ื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืกื™ื ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” - ื—ื™ื›ืชื” ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืœืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืžื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื—ื’ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉืขื” ืฉืงืœื™ื: ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืงื”, ืขื ืงื™ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ื ื”, ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ืืžืจ ืœื” ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืงืคื™ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื—ื›ื” ืฉื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืืกื•ืฃ ื•ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืคื•ืœืฉ

ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืช ื”-54 ื ื—ืชื” ื‘ืกืคืจื“ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื”ืžืจื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ืคืจืก ื”ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉื ืืœืŸ ื˜ื™ื•ืจื™ื ื’ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื’ืื”, ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืœื•ืง ืžื ืฆื— ืฉืœ ืฉืžืœืช "ืขื™ืจื•ื" ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช, ืžื—ืžื™ืื” ื•ืจื‘ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช. ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืื ื“ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžื ื˜

ื ื˜ืข ืืœื—ืžื™ืกื˜ืจ ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื‘ื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืงืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื”. ื•ื’ื: ื‘ื“ืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืงืจื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื”, ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ืžืง ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื, ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืงืจื ื”ื’ื ื” ื•ื”ืชืžื›ืจื ื• ืœื‘ื•ืฉื ืฉืœื ืžืจื™ื— ื›ืžื• ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ. ืืœื” ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืื™ืคื•ืจ, ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืื”ื‘ื ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”

ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืชืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืžื•ืช ืžืืฉืจ ืœื ืขื•ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ - ืื‘ืœ ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื, ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ืฆืขื” ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืจื‘ ืœื”, ืื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืกืชื ื‘ืื” ืœืฉื’ืข ืื•ืชื ื•. ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื’ื ื•ื’ื ื•ื’ื. ื›ืš ืื• ื›ืš, ื™ืฉ ื–ื•ื’ ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื”: ื’ื ืžืืœื•ืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื–ืขื–ืข ืืช 63 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื•

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ืจืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืœืชื—ืช ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ืงื™ืฆื™ืช ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœืœ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช, ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื, ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืคื™ื ื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื›ื™ ื ื•ืฆืฅ ืื• ืœื”ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™. ืืกืคื ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช

ื”ืื ืžื•ืคืข ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขื– ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื’ื” ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช ืœืคืคืจืืฆื™, ืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ืืฉืช ืœืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืื• ื”ืขืจื‘ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ื—ืชืจื ื™ืช? ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช. ื•ื’ื: ืืžื™ืœื™ ืจื˜ืื™ื™ืงื•ืืกืงื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืื™ืš ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืžื”ืคืš ืฉื™ืขืจ, ืจื™ื”ืื ื” ืžื—ื“ื“ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืืจื•ืŸ, ืืจื™ืื ื” ื’ืจื ื“ื” ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื ืขืœื™ ื”ืžืคืœืฆืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืคื™ื“. ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื”