ืชืงืจืื• ืœื” ื‘ื‘ืฉ: ื”ืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ

ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ื—ืฆื™-ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืขืœ ื‘ืœืžื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื–ื›ืจืช ืžืœื›ืช ื”ื‘ืœื•ืง ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” (ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ื›ื™ืกื ืžื•ืœ ืžืกืš). ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืš, ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืจืง ืœืœื•ืง ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื ื›ืก ื”ืžื“ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ื ืขื˜ืฃ

ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืช ืื•ืจื— ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื”ืขื ืงืช ืคืจืกื™ื ืœืฆืœืžื™ ื˜ื‘ืข, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžื™ื“ืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ื™ื–ืจ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืขื ื“ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸ ืžืฉื™, ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื™ ืืช ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื•ื™ ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื”, ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืœื‘ืฉื” ืœื•ื™ ืœืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ื–ื”ื”. ืื– ืžื™ ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ?

ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”-40 ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ืกื ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ โ€“ ื”ืฉืงืช ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืื•ืจืข. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœืžืขืจื™ืฆื™ื ืงื™ื ืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ืชืœื‘ื•ืฉืช ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื ืฆื ืฆืช ื•ื”ืกืชื—ื‘ืงื” ืขื ืงื™ื ื•ื— ื’ืจื ื“ื™ื•ื–ื™. ื›ื™ ืœืžื” ืœื, ื‘ืืžืช?

ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื” ืื™ืชื›ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ืžืœืชื—ืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืžื”ืกื’ืจ ืฉืœื ื• - ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ื’'ื™ื ืก ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช, ื”ืกื•ื•ื˜ืฉื™ืจื˜ ื”ืงื•ืœื™, ื”ืžื’ืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“ ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ื™ืคื” ืžืฆื“ ืืกื•ืก ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืงืจืืชื ื• ื›ืืŸ

ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”, ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™ืช ื—ื’ื’ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ื‘ืขื ืง ื•ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื” ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืืŸ. ื–ื• ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืงืฆืจืฆืจื” ื•ืžื ืฆื ืฆืช ืฉืœ ื•ืจืกืืฆ'ื”, ื•ืœื ืฉื›ื—ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžืชื ื” โ€“ ืชื™ืง ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ 20 ืืœืฃ ื“ื•ืœืจ

ืœื™ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืคืกื˜ืจื™ ื‘ืฉื ืณืจื•ืื™ื ื’ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื–ืจื–ืณ, ืฉืื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืืช ืื•ืคื ืช ื”ืื™ื™ื˜ื™ื– ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื”, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืฆืืช ื‘ื˜ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ ืœื”ื•ื“ ืžืขืœืชื”, ืœื™ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื™. ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉื—ื–ืจ ืกื•ื•ื“ืจื™ื ื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืื™ื™ื˜ื™ื–

ื”ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ืช ื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื”, ื”ืœื ื”ื•ื ื”ื ืกื™ืš ื”ืืจื™, ืขืจื›ื• ืฉื™ื—ืช ื–ื•ื ืขื ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” โ€“ ืžืœืืœื” ื™ื•ืกืคื–ืื™. ื›ืžื• ื‘ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื’ื ื‘ืžืคื’ืฉ ื”ืคืกื’ื” ื”ื–ื” ื”ืชืจื™ืกื” ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื ื’ื“ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืืจืžื•ืŸ (ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ืช) ื•ืœื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื’ื“ ื’ื•ืฃ ื ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื, ืœืฆื“ ืฉืคืชื•ืŸ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ืžืคืชื™ืข

ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื–ื™ื ืงื• ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื‘ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ. ืฉื™ืื™ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืืกื•ืก ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืชืคืกื• ื”ื•ื‘ืœื” - ื”ืื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ื™ืžืฆืื• ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”? ืžื™ ืžืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืกืœ ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืืชืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžื™ ื—ื–ืง ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–, ืื‘ืœ ืคื—ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. "ื’ืœื•ื‘ืก" ืžืžืคื” ืืช ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ืช

ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื” ื’ื•ืœื“ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืžื ื™ืงื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืขืœ ื”ืกืœื‘ืก, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื’ื ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืจืฃ - ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืœื ื‘ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ. ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื ืกืชื” ื‘ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”

ืืœื•ืื™ื–ื” ืคื™ื ื˜ื• ืคื•ื ื˜ืก ื‘ืช ื”-26 ื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœืจืฉื•ื ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื ืื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื”, ืขื“ ืฉื ืขืœืžื” ืžืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 2019. ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื•ืชืจื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื˜ื˜ืช, ืžื‘ื•ืœื‘ืœืช, ื‘ืื—ืช ื”ืคืื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ื• ื“ื” ื–'ื ืจื•

ืžื ื—ืช ื ื™ื ื’'ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืจื•ืชื ืกืœืข, ื’ื ื‘ื” ืืชืžื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก ืžื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืกืคืง ื™ืจื•ืงื” ืกืคืง ืฆื”ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืกื™ื ื•ื•ืจื” ืืช ื›ื•ืœื. ืฉืžืœืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆืžื•ื“ื”, ื‘ืขืœืช ืฉืจื•ื•ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ื›ืจื™ืช ื‘ื›ืชืฃ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช. ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ืื™ื—ืจื• ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ื ื™ื›ืจ ื›ื™ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ืื”ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื—ืžื™ืื• ืœืจื•ืชื

ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื˜ืจื ื™ื ื’, ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžืœื—ืฆื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืžืžื•ืชื’ื•ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื™ื•ื ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’ ืคื•ื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืœ.ืื™ื™. ืžื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื ืœื ืœื—ืœืง ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉื‘ื—ืจื•?

ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื•ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ืงื•ืจืืช ืœืคืชื•ื— ืืช ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœ ืžื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื‘ืขืจื™ื "ืœื ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช", ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืืช ืคืชื™ื—ืชืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื–ื”. ื‘ื”ืชืื’ื“ื•ืช ืžืฆื”ื™ืจื™ื: "ืœื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ื”ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช"

ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื“ื’ื ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื ืœื”ืชืื”ื‘ ื‘ื•. ื ืขืœื™ ื”ืžืจื™ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืื ืœ ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ืกื™ืœื•ืื˜ ืขื“ื™ืŸ, ืขืงื‘ ืฉื˜ื•ื— ื•ืคืคื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื โ€“ ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชืŸ

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืกืคืง ืœื ื• ืืช ืžื ืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ืงื–'ื•ืืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™, ื•ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืข. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื ื™ืงืจืก ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื ืœื•ื’ื• ืžืืกื™ื‘ื™ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืฉืช"ืค ืฉืœ ื ื™ื• ื‘ืืœืื ืก ื•-Staud, ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื—ืฉ ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืžืŸ ื ื—ื˜ืคื• ืžื”ืžืœืื™