ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช? ื’'ื™ื™ ืœื• ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืคืจื™ื–, ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืจื” ืื—ืจื™ื” ืื“ืžื” ื—ืจื•ื›ื”

ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื™ืฆืื” ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขื ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืขืžื”, ื•ืขืฉืชื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื•ืง ืฉื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ื›ืžื” ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื”. ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฆ'ื™, ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžืก, ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืœื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืงืคื™ ืฉืžืฉ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื-ืœื” ื’'ืงื™ ืงื ื“ื™. ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืœืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ ืฉืœื” ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืงื“ื ืฆื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช

ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืฆื“ืงื ื• ื›ืฉืงื‘ืขื ื• ืžื” ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืจื’ืข, ืื‘ืœ ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื’ื•ื‘ืจืช. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืชืฉืœื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ืค ื”ื ื•ืขื– ื‘ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ืฉืžืื–ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื›ืžื• ืฉืฆืจื™ืš, ื•ืฉืชื ื™ื— ืœืกื˜ื•ืจืžื™ ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ืฆื’ื”

ืœื ื” ืคืจืžื™ื ื•ื‘ื”, ืื—ืช ืžืื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ื”ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžื™ ืฉืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืขื ื’ื•ืฃ ื—ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืฉื™ืชืคื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื” ืขื ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื•ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืก. ืžืื” ืืœืฃ ืœื™ื™ืงื™ื ื•ืืœืคื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ืื™ื—ืจื• ืœื‘ื•ื

ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื” ื”ืขืกื™ืงื” ื”ืžืฉื‘ื™ืจ ื›-3,200 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืžืชื•ื›ื ื›-1,200 ื“ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื–ื›ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ื›ืขืช ืฆื•ืžืฆืžื” ืคืจื™ืกืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืž-2,000 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื™ื, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืž-1,400 ื›ื™ื•ื. "ื”ื–ืžื ื• ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื•ื™ืฉ ืกื’ืจ, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ ื›ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ื“ ืกื’ืจ"

ืืชืจ ื–ืืจื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืœื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจื•ื— ืžืชืœืื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื ื•ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื• ื”ื ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืืช ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช. ื›ืืœื” ืฉืžื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ื›ืจื‘ื•ืœ ื—ื•ืจืคื™ ื‘ืกื’ืจ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืื• ืœื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ - ืงืจื™ืขืช ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืข

ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืžื’ืคื” ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช ืžืฉืชื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื”ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืื ืก ื—ื•ื’ื’ืช ืืช ื”ืืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื—. ืงืœื•ืื™ ืืจื’ื ื” ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช ืชื—ืคื•ืฉื•ืช ืžื ืฆื ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืชืžื” ื–ื”ื•ื‘ื”, ื›ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก ืขืœื™ื”. ื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืฉื•ืคื” ื‘ืžืงืจื”, ื•ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืœื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื”

ื™ื•ื ื™ืก ืงื ื“ื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืจ, ื”ืงืจื•ื™ื” ืขืœ ืฉื ืกื‘ืชื” ื•ื ื•ืฉืืช ืืช ืฉืžื” ื”ืžืœื, ืœืงื—ื” ืœื” ืœื‘ืขืœ ืืช ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ืกืจืคื™ืŸ ื’ืจืกื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ื›ืœื” ืขื•ืฆืจืช ื ืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื‘ื” ื ื™ืฉืื• ืกื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืœื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 1953. ื”ืฉืžืœื” ืื•ืžื ื ื”ืฆื”ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื” ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืขืฆืจ ืžื”ื›ืœื” ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืžื”

ื–'ืงื˜ ื“ืžื•ื™ ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ืกื’ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืœื•ืง, ืžื’ืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืขื ืขืงื‘ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื, ืชื™ืง ืขื ื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’'ื™, ื˜ื•ืค ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœืื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืกืจื™ื’ ื ืขื™ื โ€“ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžืชืงืจืจ. ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืืชืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื•ื˜ืจืก ื”ื ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื•ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ืจืื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื›ืžื• ื’'ื™ื ืก ื•ื˜ื™-ืฉืจื˜. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืื›ืŸ ืœื ืžืื›ื–ื‘ืช ืœืจื’ืข, ื•ื”ื’'ื™ื ืกื™ื, ื”ื˜ืจื ื™ื ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืžื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•

ืจืง ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื—ืฉืคื” ืืช ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืžืฆืžื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ ืขื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืคืจืืฆื™ ื•ื”ืคื•ืกื˜ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขืœื” ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ืฉืœื”. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ืœืื—ื“ ื”ืฉืขืจื™ื ื”ืื™ืงื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช, ื•ื–ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ืจืขืจืช ื”ืฆื˜ืœืžื” ืœืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื”, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขืจื™ื ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืงื” ืžื˜ืจื™ืคื”. ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ ื ืจืื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื”, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืกื•ืคืจ-ืกืงืกื™ืช, ืื•ื‘ืจื•ืœ ืžื”ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืขื™ืฆื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ืคื™ืก ืฉืœ ืžื•ื’ืœืจ, ืฉื ืชืคืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื“ ืžืคืจื›ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื•ื”, ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช

ืงื ื“ื™ืก ืกื•ื•ื ืคื•ืœ, ืžืœืื›ื™ืช ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”'ืก ืกื™ืงืจื˜ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ืขืœืช ืžื•ืชื’ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—, ื”ืฉื™ืงื” ืœื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ืžื—ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ืœื˜ ื•ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื›ืจื’ืข. ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืื’ื‘, ื™ืขื‘ื“ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืคื™ืœืื˜ื™ืก ื‘ื–ื•ื ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื™ืœื›ื• ืขื ื’'ื™ื ืก ื‘ื•ื™ืคืจื ื“ ื‘ืขืจื‘

ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื”ืงื ื“ื™ืช ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื” ืœืœื•ื ื“ ื‘ื•ื™ื’ ื•ื”ืืจื•ืก ืฉืœื” ืกื™ืจื™ืœ ื“ื—ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ืขื ืง, ื”ื ืขืฉื• ื˜ืงืก ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืคืจื™ื– ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ. ื›ื›ื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ

ืืžืฉ ื‘"ื ื™ื ื’'ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืกืœืข ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื•ืจื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื—ื ื™ืช, ืžืžื ื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ ื—ืชื•ื ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื“ืจื•ืจ ื’ื‘ืข, ื›ืฉืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืขืจ ืคื–ื•ืจ, ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ื ื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืขื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืขืคื• ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื, ื•ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ื”

ืœืจื’ืœ ื—ื’ ื”ื”ืืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื’'ื™ื’'ื™ ื—ื“ื™ื“ ื•ื–ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืืœื™ืง ื›ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ืœื ื”ืชืขืฆืœื• ื•ื”ืชื—ืคืฉื• ื›ื•ืœื. ื–ืื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืœืš ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจื™ ืคื•ื˜ืจ, ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืขื•ื“ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื” ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืขื ืง ื”ื™ืจื•ืง ื•ืื™ืœื• ื’'ื™ื’'ื™ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจืช ืขืœ ืขื ื‘ื’ื“ ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ืฉืืฃ ืื™ืžื ื˜ืจื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืชืงืจื‘ืช ืืœื™ื•. ื ืฉืืจื ื• ื”ืžื•ืžื™ื