ื‘ืœื™ ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื: ืคืžืœื” ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืŸ ื•ื ืจืืชื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื

ืงื™ื ืื•ืจ ืื–ื•ืœืื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืกื˜ื™ื–, ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ื“ื•ืช ืื’ื ื•ืชืื™ืจ ื‘ื•ื—ื‘ื•ื˜, ืงืคืฆื• ืœื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื™ืจื” ื•ื”ืคื›ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืœืชืฆื•ื’ื” ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืืกื˜-ื”ืื‘ืก ื”ืขื•ื ืชื™ื™ื: ืžืžืขื™ืœื™ ื•ื›ื•ื‘ืขื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื•ื” ื“ืจืš ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ื•ื˜ืฉื™ืจื˜ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื. ื›ื›ื” ื ืจืื•ืช ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœืก ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”

ื”ืžืื•ืจืกืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืกืช, ืขื•ืžืจ ื ื•ื“ืœืžืŸ, ื—ื’ื’ื” ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ื”, ืฉื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžื ื•ื‘ื™ืฅ', ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช. ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ื ืจืืชื” ื›ืžื• ื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ, ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืžื™ื ื™ ืงืฆืจืฆืจื” ืœื‘ื ื” ืžืกืื˜ืŸ ืžืฉื™ ื•ื ืจืืชื” ื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ืžืขืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ืขืœ ืจื—ื‘ืช ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื

ื”ืื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชืงืฉื˜ื” ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื—ื’, ื•ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืชืœื‘ืฉื• ื‘ื”ืชืื: ืงื™ื ืฉืœืคื” ืฉืžืœืช ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื’ืขืช, ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœ-1995, ืงื ื“ืœ ื”ืชืžืกืจื” ืœืฉืื ืœ, ืงืœื•ืื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืœืชื™ืช ื•ืฆื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืงื•ืจื˜ื ื™ ื”ืชืื‘ื–ืจื” ื‘ื›ืคืคื•ืช ืขื“ ื”ืžืจืคืง. ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืžืชืœื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ืฉืงืข ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช

ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ืฉืœ ืื ื” ื–ืง ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืœืฉื™ืขืจ ืžื•ืฉืœื. ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ืคืกื˜ื™ื’ืœ ื”ืชืขืกืงื• ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ืฉื™ืขืจ ื”ืžืœื ื•ื”ืžืคื•ืืจ ืฉืœื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืžืชื•ืœืชืœ ืžื”ืจื’ื™ืœ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืงืช ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ื›ื™ื›ื•ื‘ื”, ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ื•ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœืคืจื™ืžื™ื™ืจื” ืขื ืฉื™ืขืจ ื’ืœื™ ื•ืžืœื ื‘ืจืง

ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืœ ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ ืฉืœ ื–ืืจื” ื”ื•ื ืจืง ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื™ื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข: ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ื ื™ ื•ืฉื•ืœื™ ืคืจื•ื•ื” (ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ืช ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ), ืฉื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื ืขื ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืจืื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื•ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™. ืื”, ื•ื–ื” ื’ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื—ืžื

ืœืจื” ื’ืจื™ื ืกืก ืขืœืชื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”, ื•ื‘ืžื”ืจื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืื—ืช ืžื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื˜ื—. ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื“ืœื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื–'ื•ืืœ ืงืœื™ืœ ืœื’ืœืื ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™, ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขื ื”ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื. ืื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืกืคืชื ืขื•ืงื‘ - ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ

ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคื™ื ื˜ืจืกื˜ ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื ื›ื ืกืช ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืื•ืชื ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช - ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืจื˜ืจื• ื”ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื‘ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืขื™ื ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื™ื. ื”ืคืขื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื ืงืืžื‘ืง ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื ืช ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืื™ืžื•, ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ื• ื”ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœ ืฉืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ืชืฉืืœื• ืืช ื˜ื™ืžื•ืชื™ ืฉืืœืืžื”

ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื ื—ืชื• ื‘ืœืฉื›ืชื ื• ื”ืฉื ื”, ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ื•ืื”ื‘ื ื• - ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ืจื’ืข ืœืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืขื™ืฃ ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืฃ ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื ืฉืืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื”ืคืš ืœื—ืœืง ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ืจื•ื˜ื™ื ื”: ื”ืžืกืงืจื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืชื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ื’ืœื•ืก ืฉื–ืจื•ืง ืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื™ืง, ืงืจื ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืžืฉืžื— ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื•ื”ืžืกื›ื” ืฉื’ืจืžื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืžื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื™ืขืจ. ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”

ืกืคืจื• ืœื ื• ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื’ืจืช ื”ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื›ืŸ ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืชื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžืืจื– ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื“ืจืžื•-ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืกื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ืืคื™ืŸ

ื“ื™ืืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืื•ืคื ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื—ืฉืง ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ื˜ืจื ื™ื ื’ื™ื ื•ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืœื•ื ืœืกืจื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืขื‘ื™ื. ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžื•ื–ื” ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ืฉื” ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืขืชื™ืจื•ืช ืชื—ืจื” ื•ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื”ืกืชื“ืจ ื•ื—ืฉื™ืคื”

ืœืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉืœื”, ื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืœื‘ื ื” ืขื ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื—ืฉื•ืคื™ ืฆื“ ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืขื“ ื”ืžื•ืชืŸ. ื”ืฉืžืœื”, ื‘ืžืจืื” ืืœื” ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื”, ืงืจืฆื” ื’ื ืœื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœื ื• - ื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™, ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืขื ื—ื–ื™ื™ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืžืชื—ืช

ืื™ืŸ ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ืฉืœื ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ ืขืœ ืฆืขื™ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ื“ื ื” ื•ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืœืืจืฅ, ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ืžื—ื™ืจ, ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืื—ืช ืฉืชืฉื ื” ืœื›ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ืง, ืกืจื•ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื™ืขืฉื” ืœื›ื ื’ืœื•ืื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื, ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืžื›ื•ืคืชืจืช ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ื›ื–ื• ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ ื•ื˜ืจื ื™ื ื’ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื›ื™ ื”ืกื•ืคื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ืจืš. ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’

ื”ื˜ื ื™ืกืื™ืช ื”ืื’ื“ื™ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ืชื ื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ื”ื—ื™ืžื•ื: ื”ืžื ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ื”ื•ื’ืฉื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืื™ืจื•ืข ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืคืืœื ื‘ื™ืฅ', ื•ื›ืœืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืจื™ืกืจ ืžืจืื•ืช ื›ืœื” ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื™ื - ืฉืขืœ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื ืื—ืจืื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฆื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช. ืงื—ื• ื ืฉื™ืžื” ื•ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ ื”ื–ื”

ื›ื‘ืจ ืืคืกื ืชืŸ ืืช ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ? ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื•ืคื– ืชืฉื›ื ืข ืืชื›ืŸ ืœืฉืœื•ืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืžืขืžืงื™ ื”ืืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœืžื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืฉืœื ื ื–ืจื•ืง ืžืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืกื•ื•ื“ืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื•ื ืงื‘ืœ ืœื•ืง ื‘ื•ื”ื• ื—ื•ืจืคื™ ืžื•ืฉืœื? ื–ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืืœื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื•, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขืกื•ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื•ืคื– ืœื‘ืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœืžื” ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’ ืขื ื”ื’ืจื•ืฉ, ื‘ืŸ ืืคืœืง

ืขื“ืŸ ืคื™ื ืก ื—ื’ื’ื” ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืœืืจื•ืกื”, ืื•ืฉืจ ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืžื•ืง ืžื”ื“ืจืžื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื• ื”ื ื‘ืจื—ื• ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืคื™ื ืก ื‘ื—ืจื” ืืช ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ื ื ืขื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื—ื•ืจืฃ ืฉื›ืœืœื• ืžืขื™ืœื™ื, ืกื•ื•ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ ืฉื›ื™ื›ื‘ ืฉื ืœื ืžืขื˜. ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ืงืคื•ืื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ืœื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื