ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™: ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืช

ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืฉืชื ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืกืจื˜ "ืœืจื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœ" ื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžืกืš, ืื‘ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ: ื‘ืจ ื–ื•ืžืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”. ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื”ืงืจื ื” ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืœืช ื‘ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ื—ื•ืจืคื™ ืฉืžืชืื™ื ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจื”, ื•ื”ื’ืฉื™ืžื” ืคื ื˜ื–ื™ื” ืขื ืชื™ืง ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืื•ืคื ื” ื ื—ืฉืง

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืืกืคื” ื›ืžื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืœืชื—ื” ื•ื™ืฆืจื” ืœื•ืง ืฉื‘ื ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™: ื’'ื™ื ืก ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ืžื•ืฆืœื—ืช, ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืขื ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืงืฆืช ืขื•ืจ ื—ืฉื•ืฃ. ืชื•ืกื™ืคื• ืœื–ื” ืกื ื™ืงืจืก, ืชื™ืง ืžืžื•ืชื’ ื•ืžืฉืงืคื™ ืฉืžืฉ โ€“ ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš

ืฉืืจืœื•ื˜ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืชืคื™ืœืช ื—ื’ ื”ื›ืจื™ืกืžืก ื‘ืžืขื™ืœ ื–ื™ืช ื”ื•ืจืก ื•ื ืขืœื™ ื‘ืœืจื™ื ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื•ืช. ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ืื• ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ืช, ืืš ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืชื›ืชื‘ืช ืขื ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช ืฉืœ ื ืขืœื™ ื”ื‘ืœืจื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืจื™-ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืคืคื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืฉืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืžื”

ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืกืคืงื ื• ืœื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉ ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืœืจื’ืœ ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช, ื•ืขื•ื“ ืขื ื“ื™ืกืงื™ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื•ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ื“ื ื™ ืœื•ื™ ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืœื”ื‘ืœื™ื˜ - ื•ืื– ื’ื ืงืœื˜ื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช ืฉืื™ืชื” ื‘ื—ืจ ืชื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ ืฉืœื•: ื ืขืœื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื›-7,800 ืฉืงืœื™ื

ื›ืžื” ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ืฆืžืจื™ืจื™ ื•ื”ื™ืคื” ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช? ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื™ืžื ื• ื•ื™ ืขืœ "ื•ื ื™ืœื” ื’ื™ืจืœ", ื ืขืœื™ ืžืจื™ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช - ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืคืจื™ื˜ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื–ืžืŸ

ื’'ื™ื™ ืœื•, ืฉืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืขื ื’ืœืื ืกื•ืคืจ ืžื•ืงืคื“ ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื•ืขื ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜-ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื ื•ื ืฉืœื ื˜ื™ ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™, ื”ืœื›ื” ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื•ื“ ืืœ ื”ืงืฆื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืœืฉื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’ ืขื ืืžื”. ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื–ื•ืขื–ืขื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืงื•ืจื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื ื–ื›ืจื ื• ืฉืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื’'ื ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”ื™ืจื”

ืœืื›ื–ื‘ืช ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื, ื”ื™ื ื—ืฉืคื” ืฉืืช ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืžื•ืฆืœื— ื”ื–ื” ืœืงื—ื” ืžื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื ืฉืœื”. ืื– ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืฆืžื›ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื™ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืจื™ืืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ื˜ื™ืค ื’ืื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื“ืจื’ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืœืชื—ื”

ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ืืœื”, ื’ื‘ืจืขื ืจื•ืฉืžืช ื’ืื•ื•ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืขื ื”ืฉืขืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”, ืœืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ Moevir. ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืคืงื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื™ื™ืกื” ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ื›ื—ื•ืœ-ืœื‘ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื• ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ ื•ื”ื‘ืกื˜ื™ ื“ืจื•ืจ ืงื•ื ื˜ื ื˜ื•, ื•ืฉื™ืœื‘ื” ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืžื•ืชื™ืจื•ืช ืกืคืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืœื”

ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืืงืกื˜ืจื•ื•ื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืกืชื ื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืœ, ืื– ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ ื•ื•ืื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ. ืงื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื ืกื™ื›ืช ืงืจื—, ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืช ืกื˜ื•ืจืžื™ ื ืจืื• ื›ืžื• ืชืื•ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืฆืฆื•ืช, ืงืœื•ืื™ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืจื•ืชื— ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ ื•ืงื ื“ืœ ื ืจืืชื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื‘ืจืช ืงืœืื•ืก, ื’ืจืกืช ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจ-ืœื‘ืŸ

ื ืกืจื™ืŸ ืงื“ืจื™ ื•ื™ืชืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื”ื–ืžืจืช ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื•ืคืข ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื•ืจื’ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืœื”. ื ืกืจื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ืžืจืื” ืžื•ื ื•ื›ืจื•ืžื˜ื™ ืžื•ืงืคื“ ืฉืžืื“ ื”ืชืื™ื ืœืžื•ืคืข ื•ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™. ืื”ื‘ื ื• ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ

ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ืžื•ื•ื™ื™ืœืก ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืกืคืงืช ืžื•ืคืข ืฉืœ ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื•ื’ื”, ื•ื’ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงืœืืกื™ืงื”, ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ื’. ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืกืจื™ื’ ืงืฉืžื™ืจ ืžื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืืœื™ื• ื”ืชืื™ืžื” ื’ื ืขื’ื™ืœื™ ืคื ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื™ื

ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืกืคืงืช ืœื ื• ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืคื™, ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืงืฆืช ื”ืคื•ื’ื•ืช ืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš ืฉืœ "ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ื‘ื", ืจื•ืชื ืกืœืข ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื”. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืคื” ืฉื ืจื’ืข ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœ ืฉืžืขืœื” ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืืœื•ืช, ื•ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ื•ื’ื ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืงื™ื ืื•ืคื ืชื™ื™ื

ืืœืคื™ ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืชื’ื•ื“ื“ื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ืืจื” ื•ืคื•ืžื” ื‘ืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ, ืžื” ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืœืฅ ืืช ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ื“ืœืชื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ. ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžื—ืื” ืจื—ื•ืงื” ืžืœื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ืื• ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข. "ื–ืืจื”, ื–ืืจื”, ืื™ื ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ื. ื”ืคืกื™ืงื™ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืจืฆื— ืขื" ื›ืชื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื˜ื™ื

ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”, ืขื•ืžืจ ืื“ื ื•ื™ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ื”ืฆื˜ืœืžื• ืœืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื“ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื—ืฉืคื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉื˜ืจื ืจืื™ื ื•, ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืจ, ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ื™ืขืœ ื’ืžืจ ืื•ืชื ื•. ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ ื’ื•ืฃ ืขื ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ ื•ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืขื ื ื•ืฆื•ืช - ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ืจื•ืชื—ืช ืžืชืžื™ื“, ื•ื–ื” ืงืฉื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืจื•ืชื—ืช

ื”ืžืขื™ืœื™ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ โ€“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื–ื• ืฉืขืชื ื”ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืœื™ื™ื–ืจื™ื. ืื•ืžื ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงืœืืกื™ืงื” ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืฉืœืœ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื•ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืžื‘ื•ืงืกื™ ืขื“ ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืœ, ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช. ื—ืจืฉื ื• ื•ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื•ืช