ืจืืฉื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื

ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืขื™ื›ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืงืืžื‘ืง ื”ืขื™ืงืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื’ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื’ื ื’ืจืกืช ื”ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš: ืœื“ื™ื™ื˜-ื ื™ื™ื˜ ืขื ื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ืœื•ืง ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืœืžื“ื™ ื•ืงื–'ื•ืืœื™ ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืฉื›ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ืฉืžืกืชืžืŸ ื›ื˜ืจื ื“ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืœืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘

ื”ื•ื ืื“ื•ื, ืงืœื™ืœ ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืœื‘ื™ืฉื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื’ื–ืจื” ืžืœืืช ื ืคื— ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื“ืจืžื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ืจื•ืฉื”. ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื–'ืงื˜ ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ ืฉืœ ืžืืกื™ืžื• ื“ื•ื˜ื™ โ€“ ื”ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจืกืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื”

ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื•, ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง, ืงืจื™ืืช ืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื˜ืจื ื“ ื ื—ืฉืง ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ืŸ ืกื™ืžื‘ื•ืœื™. ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ ืงื•ืืฅ', ืžืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ ืžื’ืžืช ื”ืฆ'ืืจืžืก, ื”ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ื•ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืœืงื˜ื•ืืœื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื‘ืงืฉ: ืฆ'ืืจื ื”ืกืคืจ. ื’ื ืชื”ื™ืœื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘?

ืขื“ ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ืžื’ื•ืฉืžื•ืช ืฉืœื˜ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ืคืš ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ืœืื˜ืจืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ ื”ืขืœ ื•ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื• ื‘ืกื ื™ืงืจืก ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืื˜ืŸ, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืŸ ืœื ื”ืคื™ืก ื”ื›ื™ ืคืจืงื˜ื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• โ€“ ืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืชื ื’ื“

ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจืช "ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื”ื‘ื”", ื”ืžืชื—ืงื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’'ื•ืŸ ืงื ื“ื™ ื’'ื•ื ื™ื•ืจ ื•ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ืงืจื•ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื˜ ืงื ื“ื™, ืงื™ื‘ืœื ื• ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ืคื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื– โ€“ ืงืฉืช ืœืฉื™ืขืจ. ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžื•ื–ืจ ืื‘ืœ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื— ืขื ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคื ื”

ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืžื’ื•ืฉืžื•ืช, ื”"ืคืœื™ืžืกื•ืœืก" โ€“ ื ืขืœื™ ื”ืงื ื‘ืก ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช, ืžืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืŸ. ื”ืŸ ืžื–ื•ื”ื•ืช ืขื ืืกืชื˜ื™ืงื” "ืคืจืคื™ืช" ืงื–'ื•ืืœื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื ืงื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื ืžืชืืžืฆืช ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœื›ืœ ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜

ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืืฅ' ื”ืขื ืง ืฉืœ ืงื•ืืฅ' ื•ื“ื’ื "ืžืจื’ื•" ืžื‘ื™ืช ื“ื” ืจื•ืื• ืฉืกื•ืžืŸ ื›ื™ื•ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืจืงื™ืŸ, ื ื•ื—ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืคื™ื“ - ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื ืชืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœืก ื”ื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื - ื”ืชื™ืง ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื”ืžืจื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฉืื ืœ, ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืจืฉืžื™ืช: ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ืจื’ืข ืœืืคืกืŸ ืืช ืชื™ืงื™ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ื”ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื™ื

ื–'ืงื˜ ื”"ื˜ืื ื’" ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ ืฉืœ ืื“ื™ื“ืก ืœื ืœื‘ื“: ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืืœื ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ื–'ืงื˜ ื”ืžื ื“ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื›ืื—ื“ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืข. ืืœื ืฉื›ืคื™ ืฉืžืชื‘ืจืจ, ื–ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืœืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืจื›ื™ืกื” ื”ืกื™ื ื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื - ื™ืฉ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื™ ืฉืžืฆืงืฆืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืื•ืคื ื” ืžื”ืืกืชื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื–ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืงืฆืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ

ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ืื™ ืืจืฆื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื• ืฉืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžื ื˜ ืžืžื•ืชื’ ืœื ื ืขืฆืจ ื‘ืชื™ืง ื”ื™ื“ ืฉืžื•ื ื— ืขืœ ืžืกื•ืข ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืง ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืื• ื‘ืชื™ื•ื’ ืžืœื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืงืจื” ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื”. ื›ื™ื•ื, ื’ื ื”ืžื–ื•ื•ื“ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืœื ื™ื™ื“ ื”ืชื•ืื ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืืกื˜ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืงืจื”. ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื (ื•ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื) ืขืœ ื”ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ื– ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช

ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื ื›ื ืก ืœื™ืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœื•, ื•ื–ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉืขืชื ื”ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–'ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืืงืกื˜ืจื”-ืงืœื™ืœื™ื. ื›ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืคื™ื“ ื”ืชื•ืจื ื™ื - ื’ืจืกื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืœื–'ืงื˜ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื›ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœืก, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื ื™ื™ื‘ื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ ื•ืขื ืžื›ื ืกื™ ืฉื•ืจื˜ืก ืชื•ืืžื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืœืื™, ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื•ื‘

ื•ืœื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืขืœ ื”ืคืœื˜ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ื ืœื‘ื–'. ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืœื˜ ื—ื™ ื•ืจื•ื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžืจืขื ืŸ ื”ืจืฉืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื›ื˜ื•ื˜ืืœ-ืœื•ืง ืื• ื›ื–ืจื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ืข ืฉืชืฉืชืœื‘ ืžืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืคื•ืจ, ืฉื ื”ื‘ ื•ืื‘ืŸ. ืชืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืœื”ืชืื”ื‘

ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืืฅ' ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจื™ื˜ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืขื“ ื›ืžื”. ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืชื™ืง ื”-Kisslock ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ื•ืื•ื–ืœ ืžื”ืžืœืื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฆื‘ืข ืืคืฉืจื™, ื›ื ืจืื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’' ื•ื”ืชืžื•ืจื” ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ. ื—ืชื•ื ื‘ื ืฉื™ืงื”

ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื—ืจื” ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืฉื—ืจืจ ืžืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘, ื•ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžืชื‘ืœื˜ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื”, ื›ืฉืืช ื”ื’ืจื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงืœืืกื™ื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื’ืจืกืื•ืช ื”ืชื—ืจื” ื‘ืžืจืื” ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™-ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’'ื™. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ืžื” ืœื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ื–ื” - ืื•ืœื™ ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื’ืจื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื

ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœื• ืžืžืฉ ืœื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืื—ืช. "ืชื™ืง ื”ื™ื•ื" ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื˜ื ืžืชืืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืจืื” ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื, ื’ื–ืจื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ื˜ืืฅ' ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’'ื™ โ€“ ื•ืื ืชืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœื”ื™ืคืจื“ ืžื›ืžื” ืืœืคื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืืจืฅ

ื–ื” ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื ื•ื— ืœื ื• ืœื–ืจื•ืง ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ืฉืžืขื™ืฃ ื›ืœ ืœื•ืง ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ืจืžื” ืžื™ื•ืชืจืช: ื”ืื“ื’' ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื” ืžืชืจื›ื– ื‘ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื“ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ืช ืœืื–ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืœืžื“ื™ - ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื›ื• ืขืœ ืขืงื‘ื™ ืงื™ื˜ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื™ื