ืจืืฉื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื

ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืื•ืชื ื• ืืœ ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืžื—ื›ื™ื ืœื ื• ื™ืคื” ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ ื”ื ื–'ืื ืจ ืื”ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื ืจืื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ืงืฆืช, ืื– ืืกืคื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืจืื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช

ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช : ื”ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆืช ืžื’ื•ืฉืžืช, ืขื ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื– ืžื—ื•ืกืคืกื•ืช ื•ืกื•ืœื™ื” ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืขื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืžืขื•ื“ืŸ ื‘ื’ื–ืจืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข - ื•ืื– ื’ื™ืœื• ื”ื ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ืืช ื”ื“ื’ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื•ืชืจ ืจืง ืœื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช

ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื˜ื ื˜ ื—ื“ืฉ - ื”ืŸ ืžืชื—ื‘ืื•ืช ืชื—ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืžื–ื•ื”ื•ืช ืขื ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืจื˜ ื”ืกืงืกื™ืช ื•ืืฃ ื ื—ืฉืคื•ืช ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื— ื”ืื“ื•ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื”ืคื˜ืžื” ื”ื ืฉื™ืช, ื”ืคื›ื• ื”ืžื“ื‘ืงื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืืงื˜ ืื•ืคื ืชื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื•. ื•ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืžื™ื™ืœื™, ื ื™ืงื™ ื•ื‘ืœื”

ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืชืจืชื ืขืœ ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื˜ื™ืง-ื˜ื•ืง, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ืคืฉื”ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืœืืชื’ืจื™ื ืžืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื’ื ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืคื•ืจื” ื•ืžืžื›ืจืช - ื›ืžื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื’'ื™ื ืก ื”ืœื”ื™ื˜ ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœื™ื ื•

ื”ืกืชื™ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืžื›ื•ืœื. ืขื ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื”ื•, ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืื™ื ืฉืœ ืงืฉื™ืจื”, ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžื ื˜ ืžืœืื™ ื“ืจืžื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื•ืช - ืื™ืชืจื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื’ืžื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืš

ืกื ื™ืงืจืก ืžื’ื•ืฉืžื•ืช, ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื, ืžื’ืคื•ื ื™ ื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื, ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืกืœื•ืืฅ' ื ืฉืคื›ื•ืช ืื• ื ืขืœื™ ื‘ื•ื‘ื” ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช โ€“ ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื™ืกื’ืจ ืขืœ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœืขื•ื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื•ืช

ื›ืŸ, ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื”ืœื•ืง ื”ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ ื•ื”ืคื•ืจืžืœื™ ื ืจืื” ื”ื›ื™ ืชืœื•ืฉ ืžื”ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื—ืœื™ืคืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื™ื ื’ ื‘ื’ืจืกืชื” ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื˜ืช. ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ืžืื›ืœืกืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”, ื•ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื•

ืื•ืคื ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืฉืžืขืชื, ื ื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืœืฃ ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ - ื•ื›ืš ืงืจื” ืฉืื—ืจื™ ืฉืžื™ื”ืจื ื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘, ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื™ืขื” ื’ืจืกืช ื”ืžื•ืงืกื™ืŸ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืขืœ ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜. ืœื ื• ืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืืœื ืœื’ืœื’ืœ ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืœ ืืช ืืชืจ ื–ืืจื” ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉ

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืš ืœืžื–ื•ื”ื” ืขื ื”ื˜ืจืืฉ ื”ืคืจื™ืก-ื”ื™ืœื˜ื•ื ื™, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื—ื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืฉืžืฆื” ืžืฉืœื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืืœ ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื˜ืจื ื“ ืœื’ื™ื˜ื™ืžื™ ื•ื ื—ืฉืง ืฉืžื›ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉืขืจ ื•ื•ื’. ืื– ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื•ื ืฆื ื–ื•ืก, ื•ื’ื ืงื ื“ืœ ื’'ื ืจ ืžืืฉืจืช โ€“ ื”ืฉืืงื˜ื™ื ื”ื ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืžืืกื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–'ืงื˜ ืœื—ื•ืœืฆื”, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืฉืœืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ืขื ื›ืœ ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ื›ืžืขื˜ โ€“ ืžืขืœ ืฉืžืœื”, ืกืจื™ื’ ืขื‘ื” ืื• ื˜ื™-ืฉื™ืจื˜ ืงืฆืจื”. ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•

ืืžื ื ื ืจืื” ืฉืฆืœืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื‘ืจืกื™ื™ื– ื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื” ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืืœ ืชืชื ื• ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืืคื™ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ-ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืคื•ืฉื˜ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœืก: ื”ื ืงืฆืจื™ื, ืฉื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืงืœื™ืœ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืงืœืืกื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ, ืื– ืชืขืฉื• ืœืืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืกื• ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืœื™ื™ื–ืจ ืงืจื•ืค

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืœื” ื“"ืจ ืžืจื˜ื™ื ื– ืงืœืืกื™ื•ืช, ืžื’ืคื•ื ื™ ืฆ'ืœืกื™ ืขื ืกื•ืœื™ื™ืช ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ, ืขื ืื• ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืจื•ื›ื™ื - ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื’ืจืื ื’'ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžื ื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ืงื•ืœื™ ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘. ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžืฆืื ื• ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชื’ื™ื“ื• ืฉืœื ืืžืจื ื•

ื›ื‘ืจ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื•ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจืžื™ื•ืช ืขืกื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืœื”ืžืฆื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื•, ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืคื’ืฉื ื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืฆืœืขื•ืช, ื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื•ื”ื’ื‘, ืžื’ื™ืข ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื— ื”ื˜ืจื™ ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™. ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• "ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื”ืชืจื™ืก", ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืกืงืกื™ ื•ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืข

ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ - ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืงืœืืกื™ืงื” ืขืœ-ื–ืžื ื™ืช - ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื–ื” ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืœืชื—ื” ืขื ื–'ืงื˜ ื”ื’'ื™ื ืก ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ื•ืœื–ืจื•ืง ืื•ืชื• ืžืขืœ ื›ืœ ืœื•ืง. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ื˜ื™ืค ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืžื ืฆื— ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœืก

ืœื ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžืกื›ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืจื“ืช ืžื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘, ื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืœืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ืคืชื•ื— ืจืง ื’ื•ื‘ืจ. ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื™ืฉ ื˜ืจื ื“ ืžื•ืฉืœื ืื—ื“ ืฉืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืžืฆื ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืจื’. ื›ืš ืชืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ