ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช FF

ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ืช ืื• ืœื ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ืช ื”ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืœื ืžืคืกืงื™ื ืœื”ื“ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•. ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื•ื”ืืจื™ ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืฆื™ื ืžื”ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืขืœื™ื”. ืขืคื ื• ืขืœ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืฉื ืขืœื”

ืื ื” ื–ืง ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืืจืฅ ืžื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ืขื ืžืจื’ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคื™ื“? ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ื“, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื”. ืฉื ืื ื” ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืžืงืกื™ ื•ืจื•ื“ื” ืขื ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืขืžื•ืง ื•ื ืฉืคืš, ื•ืชื•ืคืชืขื• ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ืคื™ืก ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื–ื”

ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื– ื’'ื™ืœื™ืืŸ ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ ืขื•ืจืจื” ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื•ืกื˜ืœื’ื™ื” ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช ื›ืฉื ื–ื›ืจื” ืœืกืคืจ ืื™ืš ื ื•ืฆืจ ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื— ืฉืœื” ("ืฉืžืชื™ ืœื‘ ืฉืฉื™ืขืจ ื”ืขืจื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžืฆื™ืฅ ืžืงื“ื™ืžื”"), ื•ื’ื: ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ืžืฉื’ืข ืฉืœ ืกื™ื“ื ื™ ืกื•ื•ื™ื ื™ ืฉืžืื™ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืขื˜ืจื” ืœื™ื•ืฉื ื”, ื”ืื™ื˜ื’ื™ืจืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืžืชืžื ื’ืœืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื‘ืงื•ืคื ื”ื’ืŸ, ืžืฉืงืคื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉื—ืจืคื ื• ืื•ืชื ื• ื•ืจืง ืขื•ื“ ืงืฆืช-ืงืฆืช-ืงืฆืช ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ืื“ื”. ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื”

ืœืžืกื™ื‘ืช ื”ื”ืฉืžืขื” ืฉืœ ืงื ื™ื” ื•ื•ืกื˜ ื‘ืืœ.ืื™ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืืฉืชื• ื‘ื™ืื ืงื” ืกื ืกื•ืจื™ ื‘ืœื•ืง ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื•ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ื™ืฉื‘ืŸ, ื•ืœืฆื“ ืื•ืจื—ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช - ืื—ื•ืชื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืื ื’'ืœื™ื ื”, ืฉื”ืœื›ื” ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ืขื ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืฉ

ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ื™ืฆืื” ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืกืŸ ื˜ืจื•ืคื”. ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืชืขืกืงืช ื‘ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื”ื ื‘ื–ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืื• ืœื ืขื ื”ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉื ืžืฆื ืฉื ืื™ืชื”, ืืชื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื• - ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื”. ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ืœื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžื—ื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช. ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื

ืืชืจื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืขื™ื ืฉื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื•ืคื– ื•ื‘ืŸ ืืคืœืง ืžืชื’ืจืฉื™ื. ืื‘ืœ ืคืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ื’ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจืง ื‘ืณ, ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืคืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ื, ื•ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ื™ื•ืœื˜, ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืืคืœืง ืžื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื• ืœื’ืณื ื™ืคืจ ื’ืจื ืจ, ืœื‘ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœ ื’'ื™ื™ ืœื• ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”

ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืืชืจ ื”ืกื™ื ื™, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื• ื›ื™ ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ื• ืœืžื›ื™ืจื” ื“ื’ืœื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื˜ืขื ื• ืฉื”ื•ืคืกืงื” ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื™ืชืŸ. ืžืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืฉื™ืื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื ื•ืงื˜ื™ื ืขืžื“ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜, ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ, ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ - ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืงื”ืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืžื•ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืชื’ืื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ื”ื•ืง ื”ื—ื“ืฉ, ืกื™ื“ื ื™ ืฆ'ืื“ื™, ืฉืžื“ื’ืžื ืช ืœืงื• ื”ืืงืกืงืœื•ืกื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืชืจ

ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื•ื•ื“ืงื” ืืจื’ืŸ ืœืคืคืจืืฆื™ ื“ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื™ื˜ ืžื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช: ื’ืœ ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ ืฆืคื•ืจื™, ืขื ื™ื•ื’ื‘ ืžืœื›ื” ื•ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ืฉื—ืจ. ืฉื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ื—ืžืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ื˜ื™ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื ืคื’ืฉื• ืœืขืจื‘ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ ื•ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืขื ืงื•ื“ ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืœื‘ืŸ. ื’'ื•ืœื™ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ืžื—ื•ืš ื•ื’'ื™ื ืก ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื’ืžื ื” ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ื˜ื•ืค ื•ื—ืฆืื™ืช, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ

ื‘ืชื ื‘ืช ื”-13 ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื™ื•ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืงื“ืžืช ืืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืฉืœ ืืžื” ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืจืื™ืช ื™ืคื” ื•ืžืชื•ืงื” ืžืชืžื™ื“, ืœื ื™ื›ืœื ื• ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชืจืฉื ืžื”ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืฉืœื” โ€“ ืฉื›ื•ืœืœืช ืœื ืœื ืื—ื“, ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื ื™ ืชืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืžื’ืŸ ื“ื•ื“

ืจื•ืชื ืกืœืข ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื” ื—ื‘ืจื• ืœืืกื™ ืขื–ืจ ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื•ืงืคืฆื• ืœืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืงืคืจื™ืกืื™ ืžืคื ืง, ืฉื ื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื” ืขื•ื“ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ื™ื ืืกืคื ื™ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื›ืžื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”: ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืชืขืœืคื ื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ - ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœืžื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืฆืœื— ืžื”ืฉื ื™. ื•ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืกื™ ืฉืขื ื” ืขืœ ืฉืืœื” ื“ื—ื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“

ื•ื•ืœื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’' ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืคืš ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœื• ืœืžื›ื™ืจืช ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช ืœืžื“ื™. ื”ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื (ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืขื“ 80%!) ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ื•ืžืชืขื“ื›ื ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื– ื”ื™ื›ื•ื ื•, ืœืฉื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ืœืœื—ืฅ ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ื›ื™ ื›ื™ืคื™

ื“ื ื™ ืžื™ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืขืœ ืฉืžืœื‘ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื–ื” ืœื ืžืคืชื™ืข ืฉืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืคืชื—ื” ืžืื“ ืžืฆืœื™ื—. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืชื’ ืœื ื™ืงืจ ื›ืฉื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืคืจื™ื˜ ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ 200 ืœ- 300 ืฉืงืœื™ื. ื•ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื“ืงื ื• ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ

ื”ืื™ ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ื”ืงืกื•ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืงื•ื“ ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื ืงืจื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืขื ื‘ื•ื”ื“ื ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื ื›ืจื’ืข, ืขื ืžืœืชื—ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืฉื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ื™ื•ืงืจื” ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™, ืžืฉืงืคื™ ืฉืžืฉ ืชื•ืืžื™ื, ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืจืืฉ ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื•ืฃ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืžื•ืฉืœื

ื”ื™ื™ื“ื™ ืงืœื•ื ื‘ืช 51, ื•ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉืœื ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื” ืžื” ื“ืขืชื›ื ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืื• ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืฉืœื”, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืกื•ืคืจืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืืช ื’ื–ืจืชื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืœืื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื ืžื ื•ืžืจ ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืžืื•ื“, ืขื ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื“ืงื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื‘ืœ ื›ืŸ ื’ื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื” ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืกื™ ื”ืฉื™ื–ื•ืฃ

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืฉื™ืื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืข ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ื–ื” ืชืคืก ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช. ืœื™ื™ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืจืื” ืื™ืงื•ื ื™, ืื•ืชื• ืœื‘ืฉื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-2000 ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืœื ืื—ืจืช ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ ืกืคื™ืจืก