ืจืืฉื™ ืขื•ื“ ื‘-FF

ืื’ื ืงื•ืงื ืœื™, ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื˜ื•ืจืงื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื, ื”ืชื—ืชื ื” ืขื ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื™ืื•ืจ ืื—ื™ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื’ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืขื ื‘ืœ ื“ืจื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื•ื–ื” ื™ืฆื ืžื“ื”ื™ื. "ื”ื™ื ื›ืœื” ืงืœื™ืœื” ื•ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืืจืฅ ืœืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื˜ื•ืจืงื™ื” ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ". ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœืคื ื™

ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื”, ืœืžืคืืœื“ื” ืคื˜ืจื™ืกื™ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื•ื™ื–'ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื™ืš ืชืจืื” ืฉืžืœืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืฉืœื”. ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืฉืชื™ ืฉืžืœื•ืช: ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืขื•ืฆื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20 ืขื ืจืงืžืช ืงืจื™ืกื˜ืœื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืกื™ืžื ื” ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืื—ืจ ืขื ื—ืœืง ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฆืžื•ื“ ื•ื—ืฆืื™ืช ื‘ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืžื™ื ื™

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื ื•ืจื•ื•ื’ื™ืช ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืืกืŸ ื ื™ืฉืื” ืœื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื” ื‘ื˜ืงืก ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื• ืฉื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช. ื”ื›ืœื” ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื ืœืงื—ื” ืžืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื‘ืคืจื™ื– ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืฉื™ ืฉื’ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืืžืฉ ืœืืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืžืจ ืจื•ืชื ื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžื•ืฉืงืขืช ืขืชื™ืจืช ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื. ื”ื›ืœื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืžื”ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืฉืœื•ืžื™ืช ืื–ืจื“ ืฉืžืœื” ื‘ืžืจืื” ืงืœืืกื™, ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ ื•ื ืงื™, ื•ื ืจืืชื” ื ืคืœื ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืžืฉื™ ื’ืœืืžื™ืช ืขื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื™ ืชื—ืจื” ืขื“ื™ื ื™ื. ืฉืžื ื• ืขื™ืŸ ื’ื ืขืœ ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื”ื’ื‘ ื”ืžืฉื’ืข ื•ืขืœ ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื—ืžื™ื ืœื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ

ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื•ืคื– ื”ืชื—ืชื ื” ื‘ื—ืฉืื™ ืขื ื‘ืŸ ืืคืœืง ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ื›ืœื” ืกื•ืคืจ ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืชื” ืœืœื ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื›ืชื” ืœื” ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ. ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’'ื™ื™ ืœื• ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื”, ืขื ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ ืชื—ืจื” ืืจื•ื›ื™ื, ืฉื•ื‘ืœ ืืจื•ืš ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืžืช ืชื—ืจื” ืชื•ืืžืช

ื—ื›ื• ืขื ื”ื’ื•ื’ืœ - ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืž"ืžื’ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืชื™", ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืœื”ื™ื˜ ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืœืคื™ื™ื, ืฉืขืœ ื”ืกื˜ ืฉืœื” ื’ื ื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ื‘ืขืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ - ืฆ'ืื“ ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ืžืืจื™. ืœืคื ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื ื™ืฉืื” ื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืช ื”-40 ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช, ื•ืื™ืš ืฉืืžืจื” ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืขื” ืื™ืš ืชื™ืจืื” ื”ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœื”. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉืจืื™ื ื•

ื›ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ืฉื—ื™ื” ื•ื ื•ืฉืžืช ืื•ืคื ื”, ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžืœืช ื›ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœื—ื™ืฆื” ื•ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื•ืกื™ ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ืืžืก. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืคื–ืจ ื”ื™ื ื ืฆืžื“ื” ืœืงื• ืงืœืืกื™ ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ื•ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื”. ืžื˜ืข ื–ื™ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืœื™ ืฉืžืžื•ืงื ื‘ืื™ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืื ื“ืจื•ืก ืฉื™ืžืฉ ื›ืœื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืŸ ื—ืœื•ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžืช ื ื•ื˜ืคืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ

ื’'ื™ืœื™ืืŸ ืœื™ื ืฅ' ืขื•ืฉื” ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’ ืจืง ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื“ ืฉื ื™ื”, ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืฉืชืคืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืขื ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง. ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ืจืชื™ ื›ื–ื”, ืฉื›ืœืœ ื’ื ืฉืžืœื” ืœื‘ื ื” ืื—ืช ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžื›ืจืช ื‘ืืชืจ ืชืžื•ืจืช 770 ืฉืงืœื™ื, ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื” ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื›ื™ ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืจืฉืช

ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื•ืง ื•ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืœืื‘ ื‘ื—ืจื• ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ืœื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื ื™ื•-ื™ื•ืจืงื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืฉื’ื ืขื•ืฆื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ื–ื•ื”ืจ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื™ืฉืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ "ื’ื˜ืกื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ". ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืžืœื” ืžืคื•ืืจืฅ ืฉืœ ืจืืœืฃ ืœื•ืจืŸ, ื”ืžื–ื•ื”ื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขื ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช

ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ืืœื›ืกื ื“ืจื” ื“ื“ืจื™ื• ื•ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื” ื”ืžืคื™ืง ืื ื“ืจื• ืคื•ืจื ื ืฉื‘ืขื• ืืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืฉื’ืขืช ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื•ืžื™ ืฉื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘ื ื™ื• ืื•ืจืœื™ื ืก. ื”ื›ืœื” ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœืช ืงืคืœื™ื ืขื ืงืจื™ืฆื” ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’'ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืงื™ ื‘ื• ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื” ื“ืจืš ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื. ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื›ื™ื›ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ื• ื”ืžืชื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืชืŸ ืฉืœื‘ืฉื• ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืื™ืžื• ืœื–ื• ืฉืœ ืื‘ื

ื”ื”ืœื‘ืฉื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืžืœืชื—ื” - ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ืžืกืขื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื”. ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื” ื”ื‘ื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘, ื•ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ืฉืœืžื” ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ื” ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื”. ื•ื‘ืขืฆื ื’ื ืžื™ ืฉื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืœื•ืœื” ืžืงื“ื•ื ืœ ื•ื”ืฆืœื ื–ืื›ืจื™ ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ื”ืชื—ืชื ื• ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืŸ ื›ืคืจื™ ื”ื•ืจืก ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉื ื˜ืฃ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืงื•ืœื™ ื•ืœื ืฉื’ืจืชื™. ื”ื›ืœื” ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœืช ื˜ื•ืœ ืฉืงื•ืคื” ื‘ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื ื™ื•ื“ ืฉืœ Khaite- ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืจื•ืชื— ืฉืžื–ื•ื”ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืขื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื ืœื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ื. ืœื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’, ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืืœื›ืกื” ืฆ'ืื ื’ ื”ืฉื™ืงื™ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื‘ืกื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื”

ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืงื˜ื™ื” ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ืืจื•ืš ื•ืžื”ืžื ืขื ืจืฆืฃ ืžืฉื’ืข ืฉืœ ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ื ืคืชื—ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ ืขื ืฉืžืœื” ื—ืœื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื•ื™ื•ื™ ื‘ืœืื™ืฉ ื•ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืื™ ืžืฉื™ื—, ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืขื ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืชืคืจื™ื˜: ืฉืžืœืช ืกื˜ืจืคืœืก ืžืกืื˜ืŸ, ืฉืžืœื” ืงืฆืจื” ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื“ ื•ืชื—ืจื”, ื•ืœื•ืง ืืคื˜ืจ ืคืืจื˜ื™ ืžืคืชื™ืข

ืคื™ืงืกื™ ืœื•ื˜ ื•ื‘ืขืœื” ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืŸ ื•ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ ืื•ืœื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืชื—ืชื ื• ื‘ืงืชื“ืจืœื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืฉื“ืจืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช. ื”ื–ืžืจืช ืคื ืชื” ืœืžืขืฆื‘ ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ ื“ื ื™ืืœ ืจื•ื–ื‘ืจื™ ืžืกืงื™ืืคืจืœื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื’ืฉื™ื ืœื” ืืช ื—ืœื•ื ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™, ื•ื ื™ืฉืื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœื™ื” ื ืžืฉื›ื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-650 ืฉืขื•ืช. ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžืกื™ื‘ื”, ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืœ ื”ืืจื•ืš ื”ื•ืกืจ ื•ื’ื ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื”- ื•ื›ืš ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช

ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืชื•ื ืกื•ืœ-ืกื™ื ื“ืœื‘ ื›ื™ื›ื‘ื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืคื™ื“, ืื– ื™ืฆืื ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืคื•ืช. ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืขื ื‘ืœ ื“ืจื•ืจ ื”ื•ืคืงื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื, ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช. ื›ื›ื” ื ืจืื™ืช ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืจื‘-ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืžื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช