ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™: ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื. ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื”ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืช

ืกืคืจื• ืœื ื• ืžื”ื™ ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื›ืŸ ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืชื–ื›ื• ื‘-500 ืฉืงืœื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื˜ืจื–ืžื” ื‘ืกื•ืคืจ ืคืืจื

ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 26 ืกื™ื ื“ื™ ืฆ'ืื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ืช, ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขืœืช ืขืกืง ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ ืœื”ืœื‘ื ืช ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืœืฆื“ ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ื—, ืฆ'ืื“ื™ ืžืื“ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœืฆื“ ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ื“ืชื™ ื•ื‘ืขืœืช ืืžื•ื ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“? ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื•ื‘ื“. ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช ืขืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉืชื“ืœืช ืœื”ืชืœื‘ืฉ ื‘ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช. ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช ืžื‘ืœื•ื’ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืœ ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืžื”ืจื‘ ื™ื’ืืœ ื›ื”ืŸ. ื•ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืœื™ ื˜ื™ืค ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืžืกืงืจื” ืื“ื•ืžื”

ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ ืขื•ืคืจ ืงืœื“ืจื•ืŸ ื•ืื—ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ื ืกื”ืจ ื•ืืจื– ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื˜ืคื— ืืช ืงืจื™ื™ืจืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื•ืช ืขื ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืจืกื‘ืŸ. ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืชืคืกื™ื, ืžืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืœื ื‘ื—ืจืช ื”ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื•ื›ื•ื‘ืฉืช ื‘ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆืœืžื”

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ืจืฆืชื” ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืงืฆืช ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ื–ื•ืจื” โ€“ ื•ื™ืฆืื” ืžื”ืžืกืคืจื” ืขื ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžื–ืขื–ืข ื•ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ. "ืื”, ื—ืฉื‘ืชื ืฉืฆื—ืงืชื™? ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืคื•ื ื™ ื‘ืื—ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืืฉ"

ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืžื—ื˜ื‘, ืงืจื ืœื™ืœื” ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ืขื’ื™ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืื•, ื˜ื™ื ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœืฉืคืชื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืœืœื—ื™ื™ื, ืกืจื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืกื’ืจื• ืœื›ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื™ื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ืฅ, ืžืกืงืจื” ืžืขื‘ื” ื•ืžืืจื™ื›ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืจืง ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื’'ื ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ื—ื•ืœืฆืช ืกืจื™ื’ ื”ื•ืจืกืช ื•ืกื“ืจื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืขืจ. ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’

ืชืขืจื‘ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื’ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื”ืžื•ื›ืฉืจ ื•ื™ื ืกื ื˜ ืงืืกืœ ื•ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื™ืงื” ื‘ืœื•ืฆ'ื™ ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ. ืœื‘ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื - ื“ื‘ื” ืงืืกืœ - ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉืขืจื™ ืžื’ื–ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื›ื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœื”

ื”ื™ื ื™ืฆืื” ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืœืคื” ืฉื ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืœื•ื”ื˜ ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืžืžื•ืชื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื™ืก ืžื•ืฆืœื— ืขื ืื‘ื–ื ืžื˜ืืœื™ ื‘ื—ื–ื™ื™ื” ื•ืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืชื•ื›ืฉื˜ื™ื โ€“ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืชืคืก ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœ ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืื—ืจืช. ืืœ ื“ืื’ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืชื—ืจื•ืช, ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื

ื”ืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœ ื˜ืกื” ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœืชืื™ืœื ื“, ื•ื ืชื ื” ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก ืœืœื•ืง ื—ื•ืฃ ื™ืคื”ืคื”. ื‘ื’ื“ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœื” ื•ื’ื ื”ืฉืžืœื” ืขื ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื”ืขืžื•ืง ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืžืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื•ืขืœ ืชื™ืง ื”ืงืฉ ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืชืžืช ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉืงื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืฆืœื ื•

ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืœืžืก ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืคืจื™ืžื™ื™ืจื” ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื˜ืืœ ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ื ื—ืฉืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื•ืคื ืชื” ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืกื ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช. ืจืฆื•ืขื” ืฉื—ื•ืฆื” ืืช ืžืจื›ื– ื›ืฃ ื”ืจื’ืœ ื•ืžืชืจื—ื‘ืช ืœืžืขื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช, ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืจืื” ืžืืชื’ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื•ืช ื•ื›ืœืœื• ืื™ืžืจื•ืช ื›ืžื•: " ืืœื” ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืžื”ืกื™ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื™"

ื”ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืœื•ืง ืžืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืœื•ื’ืจื™ืช ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ื™ื” ื–'ืืŸ ื“ืžืืก ื•ืœืงื—ื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื” ืžืฉื™ืžื”: ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง. ื”ื™ื ื ืชืงืœื” ื‘ืืชื’ืจ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ืฅ' ื”ืžื ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžืชืื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืœื–ื” ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™. ืื•ืคื ื” ืœืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื

ืืชืžื•ืœ ื”ืคืชื™ืขื• ื”ืืงืกื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืขื ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ, ืฉืฆื•ืœื ืขืœ ืกื˜ ื”ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ืžืฉืงืคื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืœ ืื“ื, ื•ื‘ื• ื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืžื—ื•ื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืžืงื“ื ื• ื‘ืžื” ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช - ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ื™ืขืœ, ื•ืฉืžื—ื ื• ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื ื’ืžืจ ืฉื

ืกืคื™ืจ ื‘ื•ืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ืœื•ืง ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ื•ืžื—ืžื™ื, ืžื•ืจ ืจื“ืžื™ ืžืื•ื‘ื–ืจืช ืœืงื™ืฅ, ื ื•ืขื ืงืœื™ื™ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-2000 ื•ื˜ืœื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืขื ื˜ืืฅ' ืžื ื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื›ืคื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื. ื”ืกืœื‘ืก ืžื’ืœื•ืช ืœื ื• ืื™ืคื” ื”ืŸ ืงื•ื ื•ืช

ืฉื™ ืžื™ืงื” ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื ื• ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžืœื•ื˜ืฉ ื•ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ืคืขื ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืืงืกื˜ืจื”-ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช: ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“, ื’ื–ืจืช ืงื•ืœืจ ืžื—ืžื™ืื”, ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื ืฉืคืš ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื’ื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืื™ืคื” ื”ื™ื

ื ืขืœื™ ื”ื‘ืœืจื™ื ื” ืœื ื–ื–ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื, ืจืง ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื•ืžืกืชืขืคื•ืช ืœืชืชื™-ื˜ืจื ื“ ืฉืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืžื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘. ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื”ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื›ื™ื - ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ื’ืจืกืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืงืœื•ืื”, ื‘ื–ื• ื”ื•ื•ื™ืจืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืื ื™ ืื• ื‘ื–ื• ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื™ื“ืก. ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ, ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื’ื ื‘ื–ืืจื” ื•ื“ื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”. ืคืœื ืฉืกืคื™ืจ ืื‘ื™ืกืจื•ืจ ืืจื–ื” ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืชืื™ืœื ื“?

ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืื•ืคื ื”, ื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ืžืจืงื™ืขื” ืฉื—ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืขื ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช, ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื•ื™ืคื™ืคื™ื™ื”, ืื•ืชื” ืกืงืจื ื• ื›ืืŸ ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœื” ืœืกืจื˜ "ืฉืœื’ื™ื™ื”". ื”ืคืขื, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืื•ืคื ื” ื ื•ืขื–ืช ื•ืžืกืงืจื ืช