ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช FF

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ื”ืขื“ืคืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืฉืœื” - ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื, ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืกืงืกื™ื™ื - ื•ื”ืคืขื ื–ื” ื™ืฆื ืœื•ื”ื˜ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืขื ืฉืžืœืช ืžืงืกื™ ื‘ืขืœืช ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื•ืžืชื•ื›ืฉื˜ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘. ื”ืคื™ืจืกื™ื ื’ ื‘ืคื•ืคื™ืง ืจืง ืžืฉื“ืจื’

ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ื•ื ื“ื™, ืืชื™ ืงื•ื‘ื• ื ืชื ื” ืœืื“ื•ื ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ ืืช ื”ื‘ืžื” ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืœื• ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืฉืžืœืช ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืขื•ื˜ืจ ืคืจื—, ืขื ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืชืคื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื’ื‘. ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืชื™ืง ื”ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ ื•ืžืื“ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ ืฉืงื•ื‘ื• ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืฉืœื‘

ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืืžืœื™ ืงื•ืคืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื™ื™ืฉืžืช ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืง. ืœื”ืจืžืช ื›ื•ืกื™ืช ืœืฉื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”, ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืงื•ืคืจ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืขืจื‘ ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืจืง ืขื ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื›ืžื•ื”ื• ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืจืื™ื ื•. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื‘ื˜ืŸ ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ื‘ืžืคืชื— ืฆื•ื•ืืจ ืขืžื•ืง ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืจืฆื•ืขืช ื—ื–ื™ื™ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืขื“ ืžืื“

ืื—ืจื™ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืœื ืงืฆืจื” ืฉื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ืžื™ืขื˜ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืžืชื•ืงืฉืจื™ื, ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืขืœื” ื”ื™ืœื•ืš ื•ืžืกืคืงืช ืœื ื• ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื ื—ืช ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืื“ื•ืžื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื. ืืžืฉ ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื’ืืœื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ื” ืœืงื•ืœื ื•ืข. ืœื ื›ื•ืœื ืื”ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ื•ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช

ืืžืฉ (ื’') ื ืขืจืš ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื”ืงืืžื‘ืง ื”ืขื ืง ื•ื”ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื” ื”ื ื•ืฆืฆืช ืžื›ื•ืœืŸ, ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”'ืก ืกื™ืงืจื˜ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ื”ืžืœืื›ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื” ืกื•ืคืจืžื•ื“ืœืก ืื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืื“ืจื™ืื ื” ืœื™ืžื”, ืงื ื“ื™ืก ืกื•ื•ื ืคื•ืœ, ื’'ื™ื’'ื™ ื•ื‘ืœื” ื—ื“ื™ื“ - ื›ืฉืœืฆื“ืŸ ื˜ืจืคื” ืืช ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื’ื ืกืืŸ ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขืช ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฉื: ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื ื ื™ืฆื—ื” ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืจื•ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉืงื“

ื‘ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืื™ืš ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืืช ื˜ืจื ื“ ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื”ื‘ืจืžื•ื“ื” ื”ืžื—ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื, ื•ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืœื•ืง ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ ื•ืงืœื™ืœ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช. ืืช ื›ืœ ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืืคืฉืจ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื“ืจืš ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืžืงืคื™ืฅ ืืช ื”ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ืชืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจื™ื

ืื™ืชื™ ืชื•ืจื’'ืžืŸ ื•ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื•, ื˜ืœื™ื” ืžื–ื•ื–, ื ื™ืฉืื• ืืžืฉ, ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื• ืœื—ื’ื•ื’. ื”ืื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ื’ืœ ืžืœื›ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœืืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืžืžื•ืชื’ืช, ืžื’ื™ ืื–ืจื–ืจ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ื ื™ ืขื ืงืฆืช ื‘ืœื™ื ื’ ื•ื“ื•ื“ื• ื‘ืจ ืื•ืจ ืฉื™ื’ืจืจื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื” โ€“ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืžืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืกื™ื™ืœ. ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื

ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืืŸ ื–ื™ื•ื™, ืฉื ื™ืฉืื” ืืžืฉ ืœื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื” ื™ื ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื™ืก, ืžืฉื›ื” ืืœื™ื” ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืฉืžื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื. ืžืื™ื” ืงื™ื™ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืขืžื•ืง-ืขืžื•ืง, ื˜ืœื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ื‘ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืกื˜ ืื“ื•ื, ื’ืœ ื’ื‘ืจืขื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ื•ืื•ืจ ืœื•ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข โ€“ ื›ื™ืื” ืœื‘ืกื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื”. ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืกืคืก

ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื’ืžืจ ืฉืœื• ื”ืชื‘ืœื˜ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืฉื ืงืจ, ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื™ื ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืขื ืงื™ ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” Hyรจres ืฉื ืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ื–. ืืœืจื•ืŸ, ืฉืžืขืฆื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžื•ืชื’ ืืงื ื” ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื•, ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื”ืžืœื•ื˜ืฉืช ืฉืœื• ืœืื•ืคื ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช, ื•ืœืงื— ืืช ื”ืคืจืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื’ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืฉื ืงืจ ื˜ืœ ืžืกืœื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื™ื™ื ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื

ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืžืจืงืœ ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ื›ื—ืœื—ืœื”, ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ื– ื—ื•ืžื™ื. ื”ืคืœื˜ื” ื”ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืฉืฆื•ืขืงืช ื™ื•ืงืจื” ืฉืงื˜ื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื•ื’ื ื”ืคืขื ื ืจืืชื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืžืชืžื™ื“. ื›ื›ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ืชืœื‘ืฉ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื•

ื ืฆื™ื’ืชื ื• ืœืื™ืจื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ืœ' ื”ื™ื ืœืœื ืกืคืง ืื—ืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื ื•ืฆืฆื•ืช ืฉืฆืžื—ื• ื›ืืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืงืคื™ื“ื” ืœืกืคืง ืจื’ืขื™ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื: ื”ืคืขื ื”ืฉืชื’ืขื ื• ืžืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืืงืกื˜ืจื”-ืžืชื•ื›ืฉื˜ืช, ืฉื”ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื”ืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœื” ืžืชื—ืจื” ืจืง ื‘ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื” (ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื˜ืืฆ' ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื—ืฆื•ืฃ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื“ืŸ)

ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ื”ืงืกื•ืžื” ื™ืฆืื” ืžื”ืืจืžื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื” ืœืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ื ืชื”ืœืš ื”ื”ื—ืœืžื” ืžืžื—ืœืช ื”ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื•ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ. ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ื”ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื” ืกืชื•ื•ื™ ื•"ืžื™ื“ืœื˜ื•ื ื™" ืœื”ืคืœื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ืžืขื™ืœ ื—ื•ื ื”ื•ืจืก ื•ืฉืžืœืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืงืจื™ืฆื” ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ื•ื ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื•ื ื”

ืงืœ ืœื”ืชืจืฉื ื•ืœื”ืชืคืขืœ ืžื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ืงืœืืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืœืžืก. ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืฉืžืชื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืขื ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื• ืœื•ืง ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ, ืœื”ืจื”ืจ, ืœื”ืฉืชื”ื•ืช. ื”ืคืขื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกืงื™ื ื™ ื’'ื™ื ืก ืžื˜ื•ืœืื™ื ืฉืฆื•ืจื” ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืจืคืชืงื ื™ืช ื•ืขื ืชื’ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ื’ื–ื ืœื›ืœ ื”ื“ืขื•ืช. ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื›ืคืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ืชืจื’ืœ?

ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ืขืœ ื‘ืช ื”-55 ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืื—ืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืกืงืจื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืขื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“: ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืคืงื” ืžืฉื•ื’ืขืช ืœืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื•ื•ื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืžื‘ืŸ ืืคืœืง, ื•ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ - ืžืฆื˜ืœืžืช ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ื™ื ืœืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื”ื˜ื•ืช ืžืชืžื™ื“

ืฉื™ ื–ื ืงื• ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืงื•ื˜ืคืช ืขื•ื“ ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื ื—ืฉืง โ€“ ืœืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ MAC. "ื”ื›ืœ ืงืจื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื”ืจ", ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช, "ื–ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืขื‘ื•ืจื™"