ืจืืฉื™ ืขื•ื“ ื‘-FF

ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื— ืขืœ ื™ื•ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืฉืžืœืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ื’ื•ืจื• ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจืœื™ืช ืœื—ืชื•ื ืชื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžื—ืžื™ืื”. ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื ื ื’ืžืจ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืื—ืช, ื•ืฉืœื ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืกื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื—ื™ื ื‘ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจืžื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช

ื›ืฉืืœื™ืก ื•ืจื™ืก ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืœืžืกื“ ืืช ืื”ื‘ืชืŸ, ื”ืŸ ืชื›ื ื ื• ืขืจื‘ ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ ืขื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืคื” ืœืฉื ื”ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ื’ืจื ื“ื™ื•ื–ื™ ืขื ืฉืชื™ ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืžืฉื’ืขื•ืช โ€“ ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืจืืœืฃ ืœื•ืจืŸ ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงืจื•ืœื™ื ื” ื”ืจืจื”. ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืงื” ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื”

ืœืกืฉื” ื ืกืืจ, ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืื•ืคื ื” ืฉื—ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืคื• ืœืคืจื™ื–, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืฉืžืœืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืฉืœื” ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื ืจื›ืฉื” ื‘ื“ ืžืฉื™ ื•ื—ืจื•ื–ื™ื ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื˜ืจื™ืคื”

ืžืœืื›ื™ืช ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื”'ืก ืกื™ืงืจื˜ ื“ื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื ื“ื–ื•ืจ ื ื™ืฉืื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื•ืคื™ื ืงื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืชื—ืจื”, ื—ื•ืคื™ื ืชื›ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื

ืื™ืš ืžืชืงืฉื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืืจื” ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ืื ื™ืช ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืจืื™ื ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ืคื™ื? ืชืฉืืœื• ืืช ื˜ื˜ื™ืื ื” ื”ืืžื‘ืจื•, ืกื’ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืจื›ืช ื‘ืืชืจ "ืžื•ื“ื” ืื•ืคืจื ื“ื™", ืฉื”ืชื—ืชื ื” ื›ืฉืœืจืืฉื” ื”ืคื™ืก ื”ืžืจืฉื™ื

ื ื™ืงื™ ืžื™ื ืื–' ื”ืขืœืชื” ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื” ื”ื˜ืจื™ ืงื ืช' ืคื˜ื™ ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ืืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืชืคืก ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืžื“ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’. ื”ื˜ื‘ืขืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืื–' ื‘ืขืœืช ืื‘ืŸ ืขื ืงื™ืช ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฆืช ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืจืง ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืžื” ืœื‘ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืžื—ืชื”

ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ืืช ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื”ืื•ืกื˜ืจื™ืช - ื•ื™ื—ื“ ื”ื ื”ืคืื•ื•ืจ ืงืืคืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืฆื•ืœื”. ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื ื™ืฉืื• ื‘ื˜ืงืก ืžืคื•ืืจ, ื›ืฉื”ื›ืœื” ืœื‘ื•ืฉื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืงืจ ื“ื” ืœื” ืจื ื˜ื” ื•ืžืขื•ื˜ืจืช ื‘ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื” ืืจื•ื›ื”. ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื™ืจื— ื“ื‘ืฉ ืžื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ืฉืœื‘ ืกืคื™ืจืช ื”ืฆ'ืงื™ื

ื›ืจื’ืข ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ ืžืกืคืจ 2 ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ื‘-14 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื™ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ืช - ื•ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืืช ื–ื”. ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื ืขืจืš ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื›"ื ื›ืก ื”ื™ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื“" ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืฆื ื•ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคืชื™ืข, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ื”ื›ืœื”

ืœืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ืช ืช'ืกื™ื” ื ืื•ื•ืก ื™ืฉ 3.4 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื, ื•ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืกื›ื•ื ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื ืง. ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื—ืฉ, ื ืจืืชื” ื‘ื”ืชืื, ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื›ืœืœ ื’ื ืฉืžืœืช ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœื•ืช ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื•ืช, ืฉื“ืจืฉื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืขืฉืจื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”

ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืš ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžื—ืœืฆื•ืชื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืชืคืืจืชื” ื•ืืฆื™ืœื•ืชื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืžืจื’ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ื›ืœ ืื ืกืงื™ ืกื™ืคืงื” ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœื” ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ื ื•. ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืขืจ, ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืœื™ื”ื™ ื”ื•ื“ ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ืื ืกืงื™, ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœื”ืจื™ื•ื ื”, ืœื ืกื™ื›ื” ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืช ืžื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช

ื–ื”ื•, ื–ื” ื ื’ืžืจ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•. ื”ื ืืžื ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื›ื‘ืจ ืขืฉื•ืจ ื•ืืฃ ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ืฉื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ืœืืจื™ ื‘ืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื’'ืคืจื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืจื’ืŸ ื’ื ื ืฉื•ืื™ื ื›ื—ื•ืง - ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืืœื ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืขืžื•ื“ ืื™ืชื ื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœื—ื•ืคื”. ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื ื—ื ื‘ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคื•ื˜ื•ื’ื ื™, ื•ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืขืฉืข ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช

ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ืจื•ืžืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ืžื™ืฉื” ื ื•ื ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืช ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืžืจืงืœ ื•ืื™ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื˜ืจืืžืค ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžื—ืœืฆื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ, ืขื“ ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ืœื ืฉืžื ื• ืœื‘ ืœื›ืš ืฉืฉืžืœืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืœื ื ื—ืฉืคื” - ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช

ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืœื‘ื ื” ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืจื’ื•ืขื”, ื‘ืฉื™ืขืจ ืืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื•ืื• ื”ืชื—ืชื ื• ืืžืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ ื‘ื•ืœื“ื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ. ืžื” ืฉื›ืŸ, ื”ื ืขื ื“ื• ื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื, ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื’ืข ื•ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื•ื‘ืฅ ื™ื”ืœื•ืžื™ื ืกื’ื•ืœื™ื โ€“ ืกืš ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœื—ื•ืคื” ืขื ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืฉืœ 2.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœื™ื

ืื ื” ืืจื•ื ื•ื‘ ื”ืคืชื™ืขื” ืขื ืงืื˜ ืืื•ื˜ ืฉื•ื‘ื‘, ืขืžื™ืช ืคืจืงืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื•ืืฆื™ืœื™ืช, ื ื•ืขื ืคืจื•ืกื˜ ื ืจืืชื” ื›ืžื• ื ืกื™ื›ื” ืžื”ืื’ื“ื•ืช ื•ืื’ื ืจื•ื“ื‘ืจื’ ื”ืคื’ื™ื–ื” ืขื ืœื•ืง ื”ืืœื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช. ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืฆืื• ืœื ื• ืžื”ืจืืฉ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”

ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื™.ื’'ื™ื™ื– ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื•ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืื– ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืชืžืกื“ - ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืกื˜ื• ื•ืืฉืชื• ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ืฉื”ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืชื™ืจืื” ื‘ื”ืชืื. ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื—ืœืคื• ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืชืคืื•ืจืช ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืกืœื‘ืก ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ื˜ื”, ื›ืฉื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืขื•ืฆื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื˜ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ื—ืชื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืงื ืื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”