ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื”

ื”ื ื” ืงืฆืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจืคื™ ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ืคืชื™ืข ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ: ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืžืชื ื’ื“ ืœื• - ื›ื™ ืขื•ืžืจ ื ื•ื“ืœืžืŸ ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ื•ืคืฉืช ื‘ืžืœื“ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื (ืืœื ื‘ื“ื•ื‘ืื™), ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคื™ื“ ืฉืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™

ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื•ื˜ืจืก ื”ื ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื•ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ื•ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื ืจืื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื›ืžื• ื’'ื™ื ืก ื•ื˜ื™-ืฉืจื˜. ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืื›ืŸ ืœื ืžืื›ื–ื‘ืช ืœืจื’ืข, ื•ื”ื’'ื™ื ืกื™ื, ื”ื˜ืจื ื™ื ื’ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืžื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืขื•ืจืขืจืช ื”ืฆื˜ืœืžื” ืœืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื”, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขืจื™ื ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืงื” ืžื˜ืจื™ืคื”. ืงื•ื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ ื ืจืื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื”, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืกื•ืคืจ-ืกืงืกื™ืช, ืื•ื‘ืจื•ืœ ืžื”ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืขื™ืฆื‘ื” ื•ื’ื ืคื™ืก ืฉืœ ืžื•ื’ืœืจ, ืฉื ืชืคืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื“ ืžืคืจื›ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื•ื”, ืœืžืงืจื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื™ื” ื–ืงื•ืง ืœืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช

ืืžืฉ ื‘"ื ื™ื ื’'ื” ื™ืฉืจืืœ" ืกืœืข ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื•ืจื•ื“ื” ื–ืจื—ื ื™ืช, ืžืžื ื” ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ ื—ืชื•ื ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื“ืจื•ืจ ื’ื‘ืข, ื›ืฉืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื• ืฉื™ืขืจ ืคื–ื•ืจ, ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ื ื™ื•ื“ ื•ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืขื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ืขืคื• ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื‘ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื, ื•ื’ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื• ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ื”

ื‘ื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืคื›ื• ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืจื™ื ื” ืงื‘ื™ืฉืจ ืœืจืฉืžื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืœืชื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื” ื—ื•ื’ื’ืช ืขืœ ื™ืื›ื˜ื” ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื ื ื•ืขื– ืฉืขืฆืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื”. ื”ืคืจื™ื˜, ืฉืžื’ื™ืข ืžืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืฉื”ืกืœื‘ืก ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื•ืช, ื”ื—ืžื™ื ืœืžืจื™ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืฉืœื - ื•ื’ื ืืชืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ

ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ื”ื’ืฉื™ืžื” ืœืขื“ืŸ ืคื•ืœื ื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืืœื•ืช. ืฉื ืจืื” ืื•ืชื” ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื–ื ื™ืง ืื•ืชื” ืœืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ืช, ืฉื ื’ื ื”ื›ื™ืจื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื”, ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื’ื™ื ื“ื™. ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื™ืฉ ืžื—ื™ืจ. ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืจื›ืจื” ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื—ืจื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ืื•ืชื” ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื•ื•ืื˜ืกืืค ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืžื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช. ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืชื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉืชื ื•. ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืฆืช

ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืžืฉื™ืง ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื–'ืจื™, ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืฆื™ืคื™ื ื• ืœื•: ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืคืจืงื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ืงืจื™ืฆื” ืœื›ืœ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื. ื”ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืœื™ ืกื’ื•ืจื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืžื–ืœ ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืชื ื—ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ื‘ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ื‘ืŸ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื• ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ-ืžื™ืœืื ื•-ืคืจื™ื–, ื ื™ืงื•ืœ ืคื•ื˜ื•ืจืœืกืงื™ ืžื•ืฆืืช ื’ื ื–ืžืŸ ืœืกืคืง ืœืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื” ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจืžื™ ืื•ืคื ืชื™. ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื’ืžื ืช ืฉืžืœื” ืžืืชื’ืจืช ืœืžื“ื™, ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืข ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ื”ืฆืฆื” ืœื’ื•ืคื” ื”ืžืคื•ืกืœ

ืืžื™ืœื™ ืจื˜ืื™ื™ืงืื•ืกืงื™ ืžืฉื™ืงื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื ืกื˜ื™ ื’ืืœ, ืžื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ื–ืžื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื›ื™ืก. ื”ื™ื ืคื™ื ืชื” ืžื”ืœื•"ื– ืฉืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ืœื ื‘ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื“ื”ื™ื

ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืขื ืกื ื™ืงืจืก, ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ืžื—ืžื™ืื™ื, ืฉืจื•ื•ืœื™ื ืชืคื•ื—ื™ื, ื˜ื™-ืฉื™ืจื˜ื™ื, ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ื’ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื’ืœืื. ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ืช ืœื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื•ืœืฉื—ืง ืขื ืื•ืคื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืงืจื™ื ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื“ืจืš ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื. ืื™ืš ืืช ื ืจืื™ืช? 250 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืœ

ืขื•ืžืจ ื ื•ื“ืœืžืŸ, ืขื“ืŸ ืคื™ื ืก, ื“ื ื” ื–ืจืžื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืจ ืืœืžืœื™ื— ื”ืŸ ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืกืœื‘ืก ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืกื’ืจ ืœื ืžื ืข ืžื”ืŸ ืœืืจื•ื– ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื•ืœื˜ื•ืก ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืงื™ืฆื™ืช ืคื•ื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ืช ื•ืžื ืงืจืช ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžืจืžืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืงืฆืช ืœืคืจื’ืŸ ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืœืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ

ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืžื™ื“ ืคื ื™ื ืœืจื’ืข ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืคื” ื”ืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™ ื”ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ "ืกืชื™ื•", ื•ื ื ืฆืœ ืืช ื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกืชืžื ืช ืœื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืœื•ื‘ืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’ ืฉืœ ืฉื ืงืจ ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืžื—ื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืคืขื ืขื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ื•ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ืื“ืœื” ื”ื•ืง ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืชืคืช ื‘ืงืžืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื” ืœื ืจืข, ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืืžื ืฉืœื” ื•ืื—ื•ืชื” ืฉื’ืจื•ืช ืืฆืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ืจื•ืงืžืช ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื”ืื ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ืฉื ื–ืจืงื” ืžื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื”, ืฉื ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืžืขื•ืŸ ืœื ืขืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืฉื”ื˜ืœื˜ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืช ื™ื ืœืกื•ืฆ'ื™ ื•ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืืช ื”ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื—ืœื” ืœื•?

ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ ("ื™ืฉื‘ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืจื” ื‘ืงื˜ืข ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื"), ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™ ("ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžื—ืžื™ื"), ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืกืคื•ื’ ื”ื˜ืจื“ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืช ("ื–ื” ืžื—ืจืคืŸ"), ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ ("ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืžืืคืก") ื•ืœื ืคื•ืกืœืช ืฉืชืฆื˜ืœื ืœืคืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ("ื–ื” ืœื ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคืขื"). ืขื ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืงืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ, ื“ืœืชื ื•ืงื•ืงื” ืงื•ืœื”, ืขื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ืžืกืชืžื ืช ื›ืžืจืขื ื ืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ืžื•ื–ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื•

ื”ื–ืžืจ ืขืžื“ ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืก "ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื”" ื‘ื‘ืฆืœืืœ, ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ื”ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื˜ืขืžื• ื”ืื“ื’'ื™, ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ื•ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•. ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื ืงื– ืœื™ื•ื ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ื ื™ืฆื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื ื˜ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื™, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ืขื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื ืฉื™ืžื” ืœืคื ื™ื›ื