ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฆืžื•ื“ื”: ืืžื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืจ ืื“ื ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืจืื™ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ื

ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื’ืœืจื™ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืฆืฆื™ื ืฉื ื—ืชื• ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื• ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื“ื’ืžืŸ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืœืžืกื™ื‘ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืจ ื•ืกืฉื” ืื“ื, ื‘ืœื˜ื• ื’ื ืฉื™ ื•ืขืจืŸ ื–ื”ื‘ื™ - ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืžื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืžืจื™ืžื•ืช. ื–ื”ื‘ื™, ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืจื™ื” ืขื–ืจืŸ, ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืขืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”

ืื—ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืขื ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืš, ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืขื ืื•ืฉืจ ื›ื”ืŸ - ื•ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืืจื–ื• ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžืœืชื—ืช ื”"ื“ื•ืœืฆ'ื” ื•ื™ื˜ื”" ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืจ ืื“ื ื•ืกืฉื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื•. ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืฉืคื ื• ืœืฉืžืœื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ืจื•ืชื—ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืื ื”, ื•ืœืฉืžืœื” ืคืจื—ื•ื ื™ืช ื—ืœื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื“ืŸ, ื•ื ืฉืืจื ื• ืขื ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื“ ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœืขืจื‘ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ

ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืจ ืื“ื ื•ืกืฉื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื•ื‘ื™ืฅ' ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื• ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžืชื—ืžื, ื•ืื™ืชื• ื’ื ื”ืžืœืชื—ื” ื”ืžืกืงืจื ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื”. ืžื˜ืงืก ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืžืคืชื™ืขื•ืช, ื“ืจืš ืฉืžืœืช ืงื•ืœืจ ื ืฉืคื›ืช ื•ืขื“ ืœืžื™ื ื™ ืขืžื•ืกืช ืคื ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืงื•ืจืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื•ืœื ื˜ื™ื ื•, ืกืฉื” ืžืกืคืงืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ืžื ืช ื”ื’ืœืื ืฉืฆื™ืคื™ื ื• ืœื” - ื•ื–ื” ืจืง ื”ื—ื™ืžื•ื

ืจื’ืข ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ืžืกื›ื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื, ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื–ื– (ื•ื’ื ืžื” ืฉืœื), ื•ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื• - ื˜ืจื ื“ ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื—ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ืžื ื™ืงื•ืจ, ื•ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืฉื ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ ื–ื•ืจื—. ืžื” ืฉื›ื™ืฃ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื–ื” ืฉื”ืงืกื ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™, ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื”ื•ืงืฆืข

ืื•ืฉืจ ืกืœื™ื ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉืจืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื”ืคื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ื“ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื•ืคืชืขื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืขืœื™ื” ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื ื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ื”ืขื•ื ื”: ืžืฉื‘ืฆื•ืช ื’ื™ื ื’ื”ื ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ืชื›ืœืช-ืœื‘ืŸ. ืกืœื™ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืžื˜ืคื—ืช ืจืืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืื, ื•ืกื™ืคืงื” ื’ื ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ืืงืกื˜ืจื” ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช ืœืคื•ืกื˜ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืœืก ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ื“ื™ ืงืœื•ื

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื™ื‘ื” ืœืฉืื™ื‘ื”, ื•ืงืฆืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืชื—ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืขืฆืžื - ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืกืฉื”, ืฉื ื™ ื’ื•ืœื“ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืกืื ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืžื‘ืœื™ื ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื” ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืืจืช ื‘ื˜ื™ืจื” ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช. ื”ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืชืœื‘ืฉื• ื‘ื”ืชืื, ื•ื’ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื: ื”ื•ื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืคื” ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื™ืคื”, ื”ื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืกื•ืคืจ-ืกืงืกื™ืช

ื”ื‘ืจื›ื” ื”ืžืชื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉืจื•ืŸ ืื“ื, ืื ื”ื—ืชืŸ, ืœื›ืœืชื” ืœืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“, ื—ืฉืคื” ืงืฆืช ืžืžื” ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืกืงืจื ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”: ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืฉื ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื•, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœื ื• - ืžื” ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ื”ื›ืœื” ื”ื›ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืจื’ืข, ืกืฉื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื•ื‘ื™ืฅ'. ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื”ื•ืœืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืžืœืช ืคืฉืชืŸ ืœื‘ื ื” ื•ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ืืœื‘ืจื˜ื” ืคืจื˜ื™, ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขื ืชื’ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื

ื›ืžื• ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื’ื ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื‘ื•ื–ื’ืœื• ืžื ืฆืœืช ืืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ืขืžื•ืกื”. ืืžื ืžื™ืจืŸ ื•ืื‘ื ืžืื•ืจ ืืจื–ื• ืืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื ื•ืขืœื• ืขืœ ืงืจื•ื– ืฉืžืคืœื™ื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืื™ืจื•ืคื™ื™ื ื ื‘ื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืจืŸ - ื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช

ืกืคืง ืื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื•ื“ ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื” ืื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืืœื™ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื›ืŸ - ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื’'ื ืจ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื“ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ืืฉืžื•ืช ื‘"ื˜ืจืืฉื™ื•ืช", ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ื—ื•ืฉืคื ื™ืช ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื’'ื•ืจื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื“ืก. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื“ืจืช ืขืกืงื™ื ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื›ืžื” ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ื– ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืœืชื” ื—ืฆื™ ืงื™ืฅ ืขืœ ืกื™ืคื•ืŸ ื™ืื›ื˜ื”, ื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™ ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ืžืชืงืจืงืขืช ืงืฆืช, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื’ื ืžืฉื™ืงื” ื”ืคืชืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื—ืžื•ื“ื” ืžื”ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉืœื”. ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืœื•ืง ืฉืžื–ืงืง ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ื•: ืงื–'ื•ืืœ ืขื ื ื’ื™ืขืช ื’ืœืื, ื‘ื—ืกื•ืช ืกื ื“ืœื™ ืขืงื‘ ืžืฉื’ืขื™ื. ื”ื›ื™ ืงืืจื™ ื‘ืจืื“ืฉื• ืฉืœื”

ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ืจื•ืฃ ื”ืชืื™ืœื ื“ื™, ืฉื”ืคืš ืœืฉื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ (ืœื™ื˜ืจืœื™) ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืืžืฉ (ื') ืขื ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื• ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืื•ืจืŸ ืœื•ื™. ื”ื—ืชืŸ ื•ื›ืœื”, ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ืขืฉืจื™ื, ืฉื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืก ืชื—ืช ื—ื•ืคื” ืฉืขื•ืฆื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ื–ื™ืจืช ืื™ื’ืจื•ืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžืœืช ื”ื›ืœื”, ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืื•ืจื™ื” ืขื–ืจืŸ, ืฉื™ื“ืจื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืชื™ - ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื•ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื ืฉืจืื™ื ื•

ื›ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื•ื ื”, ื’ื ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื–ื” ืจืงื—ื• ื‘ืจืฉืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื” ืคืจื™ื˜ ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืงืกื•ื ืœืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื: ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืžื ื˜ ืขื ืคืจื™ื ื˜ ืคืจื—ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื•ืœื˜, ืงื• ืžื•ืชืŸ ื ืžื•ืš ื•ืกื’ื™ืจื” ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ืช. ื”ื™ื ื ื—ื˜ืคืช ืžื”ืงื•ืœื‘ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ืจืกื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช

ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคื™ืงื” ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืกืขืจื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™'ื– ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช, ืžืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืฉื˜ืœ ื˜ื™ื˜ื• ืืจื–ื” ืื™ืชื” ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ืฆื™ืœื™ื”. ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžื ื ืžืชืœื•ื ื ืช ืฉื”ื‘ื•ื™ืคืจื ื“ ืชืžื™ืจ ื’ื•ืœืŸ ืœื ืžืฆืœื ืื•ืชื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื˜ื•ื‘ (ืžื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื), ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืชืจืฉืžื ื• ื’ื ืžื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™

ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื•ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ืŸ ืœืกืชื™ื•, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืคืœื˜ืช ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืขื•ื ืชื™ืช ื›ื”ื” ื•ื—ืžื™ืžื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืฉืžืกืชืžืŸ ื›ืœื•ื”ื˜ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืกื’ื•ืœ ื•ืื“ื•ื, ื•ืžื™ ืื ืœื ืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื•ืœืžืก, ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ื‘ืœื™ื’ื” ืžืฉืœื”, ืชื“ืข ืœืงืคื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื›ืžื”

ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืจื•ืขืฉ ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืงืฉืจ "ืžื™ื•ื—ื“" ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื–ืจืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื•, ื ื˜ืœื™ ื”ืืจืค. ืชืจืžื” ืœื›ืš ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืžืœื ื™ื” ื˜ืจืืžืค, ืœื ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉ. ืื– ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจืช, ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืขืœื™ื” ืฉืชืขืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืœื•ืง ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžื™ ื”ื™ื ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื