ืงืœืืกื™ืงื” ืžืชื—ื“ืฉืช: ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ื›ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื™ืง ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืจื“ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฅ

ืืช ื“ื ื” ืฉื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื›ืจื ื• ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ืจื—ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ, ื›ืื—ื•ืชื• ื”ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื ื—ื˜ืฃ ืœืขื–ื”. ืžืื– ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื•, ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจืฉื™ื ื•ืžืชืขืฆื, ื“ื ื” ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืกืœื•ืœ ืœืขืฆืžื” ื’ื ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืคื ืชื™, ืื™ืฉื™ ื•ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉื ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ื›ืคืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื•ื›ื‘ืขืœืช ืžื•ืชื’ ืœื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืงืจืืฉ

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช, ืฉืจืง ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืžืฉื›ื” ืืงืกื˜ืจื”-ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืžืืžืจ ื—ื•ืฉืคื ื™ ื•ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช, ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืขื ืงื•ืœื ื•ืขืŸ ืฆืจืคืชื™-ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ - ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื“ืื’ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื” ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื”. ืืœื‘ื•ื ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืžื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืกื™ืคื ื•ืก ื›ื•ืœืœ ื ื•ืฃ ืžื•ืฉืœื, ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœ ื•ืฉืžืœืช ืจืฉืช ืื—ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ืช

ื’ื ืื ืžื•ืกื“ ื”ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืจื•ื— ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื ืœืงืกื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจ. ื‘ื ืฉืฃ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื™ ื‘ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื ื“, ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืช ืืžื™ืœื™ื” ื•ืืจื™ืืŸ ืกื™ืคืงื• ืจื’ืข ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ืฉืœืฃ ืžืกืจื˜ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืกื ื™ โ€“ ืขื ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื•ืช, ื˜ื™ืืจื•ืช ืžื ืฆื ืฆื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื’ืœืื ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™

ืกืคืจื• ืœื ื• ืžื”ื• ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืชื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžืืจื– ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ืžื•ืชื’ ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ OGX

ื›ืŸ, ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช "ื—ืชื•ื ืžื™" ื•ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื•ืจ ืจื“ืžื™, ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™, ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ื™ืืœ ืืกืงื•ื˜ - ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ ื”ืกื•ืกื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื. ืื– ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™, ื”ื™ื ืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ืฉืžืœื” ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื›ื•ื‘ืขื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืกืœ, ื•ื™ืฆืื” ืœื”ืชืžื ื’ืœ ืขื ื•ื™ืœื™ืื ื•ืงื™ื™ื˜

ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืื“ื•ืžื” ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืงื™ืฅ, ืกืจื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉื•ื ืกืจื•ื ืฉื ื™ืกื™ืชื, ืกื‘ื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœื ืžื™ื™ื‘ืฉ, ื’'ื™ื ืก ื‘ื’ืจืกืช ื—ื‘ื™ืช, ืœื™ืค ื’ืœื•ืก ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืฆื—ื™ืง, ืชื™ืง ืงืฉ ืฉื™ืชืื™ื ืœื”ื›ืœ, ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื›ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืืชื ื‘ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื•ืžืฉื–ืฃ ืขืฆืžื™ - ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื ื–ืง ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืขื•ืฉื”. ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’

ืขื ื›ืžื” ืฉืžืฉืคื—ืช ืžืกื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืชื”, ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื“ื™ืืœ ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉืขืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืืจื’ื ื˜ื™ื ืื™ ืžืคื ื” ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืœืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจืก ืฉืœ ืืฉืชื• ืื ื˜ื•ื ืœื”. ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื”ื•ืจืก ื‘ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื, ืขื‘ืจ ืœืฉืžืœืช ืขืจื‘ ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื•ืช ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืืจื’ื ื˜ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืฉืœื

ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืฉื•ืจื˜ืก, ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืื• ื—ืฆืื™ื•ืช. ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืœื’ืขืช ืœื ื• ื‘ืื™ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ืžื”ื–ืŸ ื”ืื•ื•ืจื™ืจื™ ื•ื”ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจ, ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืจื’ืข ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ืงื™ืฅ - ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ื’ืจืกื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื“ืจื’ืช ื•ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ืฉืœ ื’ื–ืจื” ื“ืžื•ื™ื™ืช ืžืขื˜ืคืช. ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื”ืฉืจืื•ืช

ืžืื™ ืชื’ืจ ืขื•ืฉื” ื—ืฉืง ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ืคื•ื ื™, ื“ื ื” ืฉื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ืฆื‘ืข ืฉื™ืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘, ืืคืจืช ืืœืžืœื™ื— ืžื“ื’ืžื ืช ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ื ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ืฉื ื™ ื’ื•ืœื“ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืžืคืชื™ืขื”. ื”ืกืœื‘ืก ืžื’ืœื•ืช ืœื ื• ืื™ืคื” ื”ืŸ ืงื•ื ื•ืช

ืžื™ ืื ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ืช ื”ืขืœ, ื”ืื ื”ื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื”, ืชืกืคืง ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืœื•ืง ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ื ื•ื ืฉืœื ื˜ ืžืชื•ืงืชืง ืžื›ืฃ ืจื’ืœ ื•ืขื“ ืจืืฉ. ื”ืคืขื ื”ืชืžืงื“ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ ื›ืฃ ื”ืจื’ืœ, ืขื ื›ืคื›ืคื™ ืขืงื‘ ืžื•ืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืฉืขืฉืข. ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืขื ืชื” ืœืขื•ืงื‘ืช ืฉืฉืืœื” "ืื™ืš ืืช ื›ื›ื” ืžื˜ื•ืคื—ืช ืขื ื ื™ื•ื‘ื•ืจืŸ"?

ืกืืœื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืžืคืกื™, ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืŸ ื”-19 ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ื“ืžืคืกื™ โ€“ ืœื ืฆื— ื“"ืจ ืžืง'ื“ืจื™ืžื™ ืž"ื”ืื ื˜ื•ืžื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืจื™ื™", ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื” ืื•ืคื ื” ื›ืจื’ืข. ืกืืœื™ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืงืช ืื•ืคื ื” ืžืกืงืจื ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืžืช ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’' ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ื’ ืžืจืื” ื ืฉื™ ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื•ื ื•ืขืœ ื ืขืœื™ ืขืงื‘. ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื•, ืฉืžื˜ืฉื˜ืฉืช ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื, ืžืขื•ืจืจืช ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช

ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืจื•ืฆื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื–ืžื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืคืฆื•ืช ืžื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื™ืขื“ ื—ืœื•ืžื™ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืœื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืืจ. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืกืชื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคื’ื ืช ืขื•ืฉืจ, ืœืฆื“ ืื™ื–ื” "ื•ื•ืœื ืก" ืžื˜ื•ืคื— ื•ื ื•ื ืฉืœื ื˜ื™, ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฉื™ื ืงืฆืช ืžื’ื•ื—ืš ืขื ื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžื‘ื™ืช "ื“ื” ืจื•ืื•" ืฉืœ ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืœืกืŸ: "ื›ืคื›ืคื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืžืœื•ืŸ" ื‘-1500 ืฉืงืœื™ื

ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื“ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœืคืกืคืก, ืขืžื•ืกืช ืกืœื‘ืก ืœื•ื”ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฃ ื ื•ืฆืฆื•ืช. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื’ื ื”ืชื›ื ืก ืœืจื’ืข ื”ืืžืช - ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื ื•ื™ ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืขื ื‘ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืกื˜ื™ื‘. ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื” ืœื—ื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”, ื™ื—ืคื”, ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื ืขื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื›ืžื• ืงืฆืฃ ื”ื’ืœื™ื, ืœืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืœืืฃ ืื—ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืœื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฆื’ื”

ื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืืจื”"ื‘. ืžืœื ื™ื” ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื—ื•ื‘ืงืช ื’ื•ืฃ, ืื™ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื–ื”ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืžื—ืžื™ืื” ืžืฉืœื”, ืืจื‘ืœื” ื ืจืืชื” ืืœื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื–ื•ื”ืจืช ื•ืงืื™ ืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข (ืงืฆืช) ืคื—ื•ืช ืฆืคื•ื™. ืฉืจืง ื™ื”ื™ื• ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื—ื’ื•ื’

ืœื•ืจืŸ ืกื ืฆ'ื–-ื‘ื–ื•ืก ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืžืฉื•ืš ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ ืขื•ืœืžื™ืช, ื•ื”ืคืขื ืขื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช ืฉืžืคื ื” ื–ืจืงื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ืจ ืืจื›ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื•ืจ. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืคืจื™ื– ื”ื™ื ื ืฆืคืชื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืžืชืงื•ืคืช ื’'ื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ืื ื•, ืœืฆื“ ืชื™ืง ืงืœืืฅ' ื•ื™ื ื˜ื’' ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ืฉืœ ืฉืื ืœ. ืขื•ื“ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ืžืขืžื“ื” ื›ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ?