ื‘ืœื™ ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื ืขืœื™ื™ื: ืคืžืœื” ืื ื“ืจืกื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืชื ื” ื‘ืŸ ื•ื ืจืืชื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื

ืžืœื›ืช ืกืคืจื“ ื•ื™ืชืจื” ื”ืคืขื ืขืœ ื”ืขืงื‘ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžื™ ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ืกื™ื‘ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช. ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ืžื’ืคื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืื“ื•ื ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ืช ืžืงืฆืช ืฆื‘ืข ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘

ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืœื—ืจื•ืฉ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘, ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ื‘ื“, ืขื’ื™ืœื™ ื–ื”ื‘ ื›ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืจื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื ื•, ืฉื™ืžืจ ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ื’ืœื•ืื•, ื˜ื™ื™ืฅ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืžื•ืฉืœื ื•ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืคื•ื™, ืกืจื•ื ืคื ื™ื ื›ื™ ืงืจื ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื•ืกื“ืจื” ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ืœืฉื™ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ ืžืœื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืกืœื™ืงื•ื ื™ื. ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืคื™ื ื’

ืžืืชื’ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื• ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื’, ืื‘ืœ ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื”: ืื—ืช ืฉื™ืœื‘ื” ืื•ืชื• ืขื ืขื•ื“ ื˜ืจื ื“ ืžืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ืจื™ื˜-ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ื’ืจืกืช ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืขื ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ื– ืฉืœ ืฉืื ืœ. ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžืขื•ืœื” ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื

ื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ ืช'ืจื•, ืžื”ืจื•ื•ืงื™ื ื”ื ื—ืฉืงื™ื ื‘ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืืงืก ืฉืœ ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืื ื™ืกื˜ื•ืŸ, ื ื™ืฉื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืคืชืขื” ืœื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื• โ€“ ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื ื™ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื. ื‘ืœื•ื ืœื ื”ืืžื™ื ื” ื›ืฉื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื‘ืงื”ืื ื”ืฆื™ืขื” ืœืขืฆื‘ ืœื” ืฉืžืœื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืข, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงืจื”, ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื ืจืื™ืช ื›ืžื• ื—ืœื•ื

ืœื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ื’ืœื•ืื• ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื‘ืคื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืฆื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื ื” ืœื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ, ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ ื‘ื ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืคื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื. ืจื•ื ื” ืœื™ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืžื ืฆื ืฆืช ืžืœืื” ื‘ื‘ืœื™ื ื’ ื•ื ืจืืชื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืขื•ืœื”

ืžืขืžื“ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉืžื” ื‘ืฉื“ืจื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘-ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉื”ืŸ ืขืฉื•: ืฉืžืœืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ ื•ื”ืคืจื ื–ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื’'ื™ืœ ืกื ื“ืจ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ื”ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืงื˜ื™ืช-ืืฆื™ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื’ืœ ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืชืคืืจืชื”, ื•ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืืช ื”ืกืงืก-ืืคื™ืœ. ืื– ืื™ืš ืืจื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืฆื’ื”?

ื‘ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืœืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ืื ื” ื–ืง ื‘ื˜ื•ื˜ืืœ ืœื•ืง ืฉื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืžืœืช ืžื™ื ื™ ืงืฆืจืฆืจื”, ืขื ืืœืžื ื˜ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืงืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื–ื ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ื”ืงื“ืžื™. ื”ืžื’ืžื” ื”ื•ื•ืจื•ื“ื” ืœื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜. ืœื–ืง ื ื‘ื—ืจ ื’ื ืžื ื™ืงื•ืจ ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืจื•ื“ ืชื•ืื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืœื

ื—ื•ืœืฆืช ื”ื•ื•ืœื ื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืจืขื ื ืช ื”ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”. ืจื•ืชื ืกืœืข ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืžื• ื•ื”ืงื“ื™ืžื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ืขื ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ืžืจืฉืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™ ื’ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื˜ืœืžื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืžื•ืชื’ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืœืฆื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื•ื™ืคื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช. ืžืจื™ื—ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ืคืกื— ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจ

ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืกื™ื™ืžื ื• ืœื”ืชืจื›ื– ื‘ืขื™ืจื•ื ืฉืœื•. ืžืžืœื™ืฆื•ืช ื’ื ืœื›ื: ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืกืงื™ืžืก ืื›ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืกืฉืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื™ ืืงืกื˜ืจื”-ืœื•ื”ื˜ ืฉืœ ืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื•ื•ืจืฆื ื’ืจ ื•ืืจื•ืกืชื• ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ืื‘ื™ ืฆ'ืžืคื™ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื’ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืžื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื•ืฆืœื—ื™ื

ืงื™ื™ืœื™ ื”ืฉื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื” ื‘ื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื”, ื•ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉืœื—ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื™ืคื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื“ื™ืืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฅ ื ืจืืชื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœื•ืง ื‘ืœื™ื ื’ื™ ืžื—ืจืคืŸ, ืฉื™ืจ ื–ื•ืืจืฅ ืชืคืกื” ืืช ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ื•ืš ืžื˜ืืœื™ ืžืคื•ืกืœ ื•ื ื˜ืข ื‘ืจื–ื ื™ ื ื™ืฆื ืฆื” ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืฉื•ืคืขืช ืงืจื™ืกื˜ืœื™ื. ื™ืคื” ืœื”ืŸ

ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ืช ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื‘ืจืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ื’ื–ืจืช ืฉืจื•ื•ืœ. ื›ืŸ ื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืฉืžืขืชื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืคืขื ืœื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืœืช. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื‘ื” ื‘ืœื•ืง ื—ื’ื•ืจืช ืงืฉื™ืจื”, ื”ืžืชื›ืชื‘ืช ืขื ื˜ืจื ื“ ืžื˜ืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืŸ ืฉื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืคื—ื“

ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืกื ื™ืฃ ื”ืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจ-ืคืืจื ื‘ืžืชื—ื ื‘ื™ื’ ื’ืœื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื•ืชื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืืช ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ืงื•ืจื™ืื ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ื‘ื“ ืฉื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉื, ื•ืœื—ื ื•ืš ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืืช ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ืงื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉืช. ื›ื™ื›ื‘ื• ืฉื ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืกืคืงื ื• ืœื”ื™ื“ืœืง ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ื’ื ื›ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืกืงืจื ื™ื ืฉื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื“ื’ื•ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื

ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืื™ืžื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืฉื˜ื—, ื•ื™ืฆืื” ืœื™ื•ื ื›ื™ืฃ ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ืง ืงืœื™ืœ ื•ืžืœื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ: ืฉืžืœืช ืงื•ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื”, ื›ืคื›ืคื™ื ืขื ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื•ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื”ื• ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™. ื’ื ืœืื” ืฉื ื™ืจืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื, ืขื ื’'ื™ื ืก ืฉื ืฉืžื— ืœืฆืจืฃ ืœืžืœืชื—ื”

ื”ืจื—ืง ืžืคืจืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืขืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื ื•ืงื ื™ื”, ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื“ื ื™ ืœื•ื™ ืžื‘ืœื” ืืช ื”ืกื•ืคืฉ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžืฆืื ื• ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื—ื–ื™ื™ืช ืงืืคื™ื ื•ืจื“ืจื“ื” ืฉืฉื•ืœื‘ื” ืขื ื—ืฆืื™ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืจื”. ืœื•ืง ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื›ืœืœ ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืžื™ืงืจื• ืžื™ื ื™ ื•ื—ื–ื™ื” ืชื•ืืžืช. ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื ื—ืฉืง ื”ื™ื•ื

ืขืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื” ืขื‘ืจื• ืžืื– ื”ื’ืžืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ "ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื ื•ืœื“", ืื‘ืœ ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ืฆื—ืช ื ื™ื ื˜ ื˜ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืฉื›ื—. ื”ืคืขื ืื ื—ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืื’ื ื‘ื•ื—ื‘ื•ื˜ ื‘ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืขื ืœื•ืง ืฉืžืจืคืจืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœืื•ืชื• ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื–ื” โ€“ ืžื™ ืœื‘ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ?