ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช FF

ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉืœืžืื™ื” ืงื™ื™ ื™ืฉ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืจื” ืฉื™ืื™ื. ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืคืจื™ื– ืœื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืกื˜ื™ ืงื™ื™ืกื™ ื–ืคื˜ื”, ืžืื™ื” ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืœืื™ ืชืขื•ื–ื” ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืจืื™ื ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื–ื”. ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื“ ืขืฉื” ืœื ื• ื—ืฉืง ืœื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช

ืงื• ื”ื”ืœื‘ืฉื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืžื—ืžื ืžื ื•ืขื™ื ืœืงืจืืช ื•ืœื ื˜ื™ื™ื 'ืก ื“ื™ื™, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ื” ืœื“ื’ืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ืฉืงื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืื•ืจืข. ื”ืœื‘ืฉื” ืชื—ืชื•ื ื”, ืคื™ื’'ืžื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ืชื ื•ืช ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื ื•ื—, ืขื ื”ืื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื“ ื”ืกืงืกื™ ื•ื”ืœื ืžืชื ืฆืœ ืฉืœื”

ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืกืื˜ืŸ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื•ื˜ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืงื™ื ืื•ืจ ืื–ื•ืœืื™ ื ืจืื™ืช ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื“ื”ื™ื. ื”ืžืื•ืจืกืช ื”ื˜ืจื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืžืŸ ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ ื’'ื™ื ืก ื•ื˜ื™ ืฉื™ืจื˜ ื•ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืฉื•ืจืคืช ืคื” ืœื•ืง ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ื ื”

ื ืœื™ ืคื•ืจื˜ื“ื• ื‘ืช ื”- 46 ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืจืื™ืช ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ. ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ืชืจืื™ื™ื ื” ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื•ื—ืฉืคื” ืฉืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื™ืชืŸ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื›ืชื•ื ื–ืจื—ื ื™ ื•ืœืœื ืื™ืคื•ืจ ืื• ืจื™ื˜ื•ืฉ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•, ื”ืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื”, ื•ืœืžืกืจ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื”ืื”ื‘ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ืคืฆื” ืœื”ืคื™ืฅ

ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืœืงื—ื” ืืช ื”"ืงื•ืจืคืจื™ื™ื˜-ืงื•ืจ" ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืกืงืกื™, ืขื ื‘ืœื™ื™ื–ืจ ื•ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืžื™ื ื™ ืืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื“ืงื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื’ื•ืจื” ื“ืงื”. ืขื’ื™ืœื™ ื”ื™ืจื— ื”ื™ืคื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืจืฉืช ืื•ืคื ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”, ื•ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืžืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื™ื•ืงืจื” ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฉืงื•ืช ื‘ื•. ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”

ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืฉืจ ืกืœื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ื“ ืคื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืื•ื‘ืจื•ืœ ืืจื•ืš ื•ืฆืžื•ื“ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืชื—ืจื” ืฉืงื•ืคื” ืขื ืชืคืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื“ืžื™ื ืžื—ื•ืš ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืœื•ืง ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืคื” ืขื ืžื›ื ืกื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื‘ื•ืจื“ื• ื•ื’ืจื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ืืžื™ื. ืขืคื ื•

ื“ืžื™ ืžื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืกื˜ืจืคืœืก ืžื˜ืืœื™ืช, ืกืœื™ื ื” ื’ื•ืžื– ืคื™ื–ืจื” ื—ื™ื•ื›ื™ื ืžืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืจืื” ืื•ืœื“-ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“, ื ื™ืงื•ืœ ืงื™ื“ืžืŸ ื—ืฉืคื” ื’ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ื›ืกื•ืคื” ืงืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืื“ื ื‘ืจื•ื“ื™ ื•ืœื™ื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืงื™ื ื•ื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืช' ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ืจ ื•ื•ืœื“ื•ืจืฃ. ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžื”ื˜ืงืก ืฉื ืขืจืš ืืžืฉ

ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื— ื”ืื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืงืก ื’ืœื•ื‘ื•ืก ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื™ืชื• ืฉืœืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืคืืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืœื‘, ื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ื ืจืืชื” ื›ืžื” ืจืžื•ืช ืžืขืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ. ืื– ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื”ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืข. ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืชืคืจื” ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ื ืชื ื” ืœื’ืœ ืœื•ืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—

ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ืžื•ืจ ืจื“ืžื™ ื”ื•ื–ืžื ื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ืฉืœ ืงื™ื ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืืŸ. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืฆืžื•ื“ื” ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืื” ืฉืžืžืฉ ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื” ืจืง ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ? ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ

ืžืœื ื™ื” ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื—ืจื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉืžื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื˜ื™ื‘ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืžืคื ื” ื›ืจื’ืข ืžืงื•ื ืœื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืœื ื™ื” ื‘ืคืจื˜. ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžืœื ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืžืงืกื™ ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืขื ืฉืกืข ื-ืกื™ืžื˜ืจื™ ืขืžื•ืง ื•ืžื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื ืฉืคืš ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืืœื™ื”

ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืœ-2025, ื”ืฉื ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ื–ื ื”ืฉืžืจื ื™ ืœืกื•ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื”ื ืฉื›ื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ืื™ ื”ื“ืจืžื”: ืชืชื ื’ื“ื• ื›ืžื” ืฉืชืจืฆื• ืœืกืงื™ื ื™ ื’'ื™ื ืก, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ื•ืขืก (ื”ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืžื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืžืจืงืœ ืžืจื•ืฆื”), ื•ื›ื“ืื™ ื’ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืคืจื™ื“ื” ืžืจื’ืฉ ืžื”ื’'ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช

ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื•ืคืฉืชื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ืชืื™ืœื ื“, ืื’ื ื‘ื•ื—ื‘ื•ื˜ ื ืฆืคืชื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืฉืงืคืงืคื” ืขื ืคืจื™ื ื˜ ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืขื•ืจื‘. ืื ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื ืจืื™ืช ืœื›ื ืžื•ื›ืจืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ืกื™ื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”. ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื” ืžื›ื›ื‘ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืœืชื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืื™ื” ืงื™ื™ ื•ื˜ืœื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื”. ืื– ืžื™ ืžื”ืŸ ืขืฉืชื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘?

ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ืคืจื“ื” ืžื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืจืฉืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช, ื”ื“ื•ื›ืกื™ื ืžืกืืกืงืก ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืœืื™ื ืกื˜ื•ืฉ. ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืจืง ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืงืฆืจ (ืฉืฆื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื ืกื™ืš) ื•ืชืžื•ื ืช ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ, ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืกืžืŸ ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืœื•ืง ืžื•ืฆืœื— ื•ืžืœื ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ

ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื”ื™ื” ืกื“ืจืชื™ - ืœืืจื•ืกืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ืจ ื’'ืฃ ื‘ื–ื•ืก ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื. ืืช ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืœืชื” ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืกื˜ืจืคืœืก ืงืฆืจื” ื‘ืฆื”ื•ื‘ ืžื‘ืจื™ืง ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžืจ, ืืœื™ื” ืฉื™ื“ื›ื” ืขื’ื™ืœื™ ื—ื™ืฉื•ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืขืจ ืคื–ื•ืจ ืฉื•ืคืข ืขื ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืงื™ืฆื™ื™ื

ืืžื™ืœื™ ืงื•ืคืจ ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื” ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื ื” ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืœื•ืง ืจื•ืชื— ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ืค ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ืจื™ืง ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ ื’ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืขื ืฉืชื™ ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื“ืงื™ืงื•ืช, ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื’'ื™ื ืก ื”ืžื ื•ืžืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื ืœื ื• ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ