ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืืžื™ืชื™? ื”ืฉื•ืจื˜ืก ืฉืœ ืฉืจืœื™ื– ืช'ืจื•ืŸ ืžื—ืจืคื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ื“. ื•ืœื ืจืง ื”ื

ืื—ืจื™ ื“ื•ื‘ืื™, ืกืจื™ ืœื ืงื” ื•ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืœื•ืจ ืžืœื›ื•ื‘ ื ื—ืชื” ื‘ื˜ื•ืœื•ื ืžืงืกื™ืงื•. ื”ืคืขื ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืžืฉื•ืœืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ ื•ืจื’ื™ืœ ืขื ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืงืฉื™ืจื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื• ืœืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืžืฉื•ืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื•. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื˜ืจื ื“ ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืชื•ืคืก ืชืื•ืฆื”

ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ืฉืชืœื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืจื“ืžื™ ื‘ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ mako ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืกืคืงืช ื”ืฆืฆื•ืช ืœื•ื”ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื”: ื—ืœื™ืคื•ืช, ื—ื–ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืฉืžืœื” ืื—ืช ืžืขื•ืœื” ืฉืชื•ืกืคืช ื’ืื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืคื›ื” ืื•ืชื” ืœืžื•ืฉืœืžืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืžื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช

ื•ืืœืจื™ ืงืื•ืคืžืŸ ืคื’ืฉื” ืืช ื“ื™ืžื™ื˜ืจื™ ื•ืจืกื ื• ื‘ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ื”, ื•ื ื™ืฉืื” ืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืขื“ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื–ื•ื”ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ื•ืช: ื˜ื™ืจื” ืžืคื•ืืจืช ืขืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ืื’ื ืงื•ืžื•. ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื›ืœืœื” ืœื ืžืขื˜ ืื•ืจื—ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืงื•ื˜ื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžืœืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ื•ืจืกืช ืžื›ื•ืœืŸ

ื”ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœ ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื ืฉื˜ ื‘ื’ื•ื•ื ื™ ื™ืจื•ืง, ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื•ืฉืžื ืช ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื— ื”ืื“ื•ื ืœืฆื‘ืขื™ ื“ื’ืœ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืŸ. ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืฉื•ื›ื ืข: ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืื•ืคื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื”ืจื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื ื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฉืžื™, ื‘ืกื˜ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื• ืขืœ ื˜ื”ืจืช ืžืœืชื—ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฃ. ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™, ืฉืžืœื” ืงืœื™ืœื” ื•ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืืฃ ืื—ืช ืื—ืจืช โ€“ ื–ืืช ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืฉืจืื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•

ืื—ืช ื”ื“ื•ืžื’ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืจื’ืข, ืกืืŸ ืžื–ืจื—ื™, ื–ื•ืจื—ืช ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืขืจื™ ื’ื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื’ ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืงืกืžื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื™ื-ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™. ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ื ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ื—ื–ื™ื™ืช ืชื—ืจื” ื“ืงื™ืงื”, ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžืœื” ืžื˜ื•ืจืคืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืœืžื™ื™ืŸ - ื•ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื, ื›ืฆืคื•ื™, ื ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขื“ ื•ื ื’ื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœ

ืื—ืจื™ ืกื“ืจืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ืฉื“ื’ืžื ื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื™ืช, ื”ืคืืฉื ื™ืกื˜ื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื™ืฆืื” ืœื ืกื™ืขืช ืžืฉืคื™ืขื ื™ื ื‘ืฆืจืคืช ื•ืฉืœืคื” ืžื”ืืจื•ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื. ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืฉื ื™ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืœื ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ โ€“ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืชื ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืคื ืชื™ื•ืช

ืืช ื”ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื’'ืžื” ืœื”ืชื’ื ื‘ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื•ืชืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื’ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืš ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœืชื—ื” ื”ื ืฉื™ืช ืœืชื—ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืกืจ ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื™ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืœื‘ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืงื™ืฆื™ืช ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ื ื—ืฉืง ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”. ื”ื›ื™ ืฉื "ืฆ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช, ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื•ื”ื–ืžืจืช ื ืกืขื” ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื‘ืื™ื™ ืกื™ื™ืฉืœ, ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืื™ืชื” ื›ืžื” ืฉื—ืงื ื™ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง: ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื ืžืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืžืœื” ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื” ืืš ืฉื•ืžื˜ืช ืœืกืชื•ืช ื•ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฉืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืืงืœื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™. ื•ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื? ืชืขืœื•ืžื”

ื”ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ Doen ื™ืฆื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืขื ืงื™ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช GAP ื‘ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื•ืจืกืช. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-50 ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื ื•ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื•ืœืœื™ื: ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื–ื•ื”ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžื•ืชื’, ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช, ื’'ืงื˜ ื“ื ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืœื ื•ื—ื•ืœืฆื•ืช ืžื›ื•ืคืชืจื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ืคื•ืช. ื‘ื ืœื ื• ื”ื›ืœ

ืื ื—ื ื• ืขืคื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœืœื›ืช ืขื ื’'ื™ื ืก ื•ื˜ื™ ืฉื™ืจื˜ ื•ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื ื ืชื ื’ื“ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขื ืฉืžืœื” ืžื•ืฉืงืขืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ืฉืงืช "ื”ืจืคืืœื™ืก" ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืจืคืืœื™ ืขื ืฉืžืœื” ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื—ืžืื” ื•ื ืขืœื™ ืžืจื™ ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืฉืื ืœ ืฉื”ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื•ืœ

ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ืคื ื˜ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื ืฆ'ืกืงื” ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืœื”ื™ื˜ ืฉืœ ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก, ื•ื’ื ืœืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ืฉืžื’ืœืžืช ืื•ืชื” ืœื ื—ืกืจื™ื ื›ืจื™ื–ืžื” ื•ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ. ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื ื•ืกื” ืขืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืื“ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืงืจืชื™ื™ื, ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ืช ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื™ื–ื” ืžืจืื” ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœื™ื” ืžื•ืฉืœื. ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืื ื” ื“ื•ื“

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื•ืคื– ื•ื‘ืŸ ืืคืœืง ืื›ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืžื›ื•ืขืจื™ื ืื• ืœื - ื”ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื— ืœื ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœืชืช ืœื–ื” ืœื”ืคืจื™ืข ืœืกื˜ืจื™ื˜-ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ืžื’ื” ืงื•ืœื™ ืฉืœื”. ื‘ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืœืžื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืžืฉื“ืจื™ื ื ื•ื ืฉืœื ื˜ ืื™ื ืกื•ืคื™, ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื” ื”ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื™ื ื•ืžืกืชืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ ืื—ื“ ืžืขื•ืœื” ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”

ืขื™ื ื‘ ื‘ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืœื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื˜ื™ืกื” ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื‘ืจื™ื›ื” ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืกืœื•ืŸ? ื‘ื•ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ืžื ื•ืžืจ ืœืคืชื•ื— ืื™ืชื• ืืช ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืจื—ืฆื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื–ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืžื•ื‘ืŸ

ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื›ื” ืขืจื‘ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื™ืช ืœื™ืขื“ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื•ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืฆื ื•ืขื™ื ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชื—ืจืจ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืขื“ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืœื‘ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื›ื‘ื“ืช, ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชืฆื•ื’ืช ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื. ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืฆืขื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฃ ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื™ื. ืดืจืง ื›ืฉื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœื›ืืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื• ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื’ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื•ืฉื–ืืช ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”ืด, ืืžืจื” ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืœืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื