ืจืืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช FF

ื–ื” ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืงืžืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ื™ ืขืœ, ืžื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ื™ื•ืงืจื” ื ื—ืฉืงื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ืœื ื• ื›ืคื›ืคื™ ืืฆื‘ืข - ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืžืื™ื–ื” ืฉืช"ืค. ื•ื’ื: ืงื• ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื ืžืžืชืงื™ื ืœืขื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื˜ื ื™ืกืื™ืช ืฉืžืชืขืงืฉืช ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืื•ืคื ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืœืžื’ืจืฉ ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ืฉื’ืจืžื• ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ื–ื• ื ื‘ื—ืจืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื ื“ื™ืืœ. ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื•ืคื ื”

ื”ืคืจื•ื“ื” ื”ื˜ืจื™ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืžืื™ืจื•ืข ืœืื™ืจื•ืข, ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืจืง ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืจืื™ืช: ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“. ื”ืคืขื ื–ื• ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคื™ืง ื”ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“ื™-ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื“ื ื™ ืื™ื™, ืืœื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ืง ืฉืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืžื›ื ืกื™ ืงืคืจ ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืžืื•ื‘ื–ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ืฉื ื”ื™ื ืคื’ืฉื” ื’ื ืืช ืงื™ื ืื•ืจ ืื–ื•ืœืื™ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืืช ื”ืื•ืจื—ืช ืžืžื™ืืžื™ ืืชื™ ืงื•ื‘ื• ื•ืืช ืืฉืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ืชืŸ ื”ืฉืžื—ื”, ืžืื™ ืืœืžืงื™ื™ืก

ื‘ืจ ืจืคืืœื™ ืœื ืžื—ื›ื” ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื™ืชื—ืžืžื• ื•ืคื•ืชื—ืช ืืช ืขื•ื ืช ื”ืจื—ืฆื” ืขื ืžื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื ื”ื•ืจืกื™ื ืœืงื™ืฅ. ื‘ืชื•ืš ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช, ืงืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžืฉื ื™ ื“ื’ืžื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืกืžื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”. . ืื™ืŸ ืžื” ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืจ, ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืขืฉื™ืช ืœื ื• ื—ืฉืง ืœื”ืชื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ ื™ื ื•ืœืฆืืช ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื”

ืœื ื—ืกืจ ืžืžื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ืืžืค ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืงื•ืจื™ืื”, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื• ื”ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžื•ืคืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžืืžืฅ. ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช: ื’ื–ืจืช ื”ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื– ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื, ื›ื•ื‘ืข ื”ืžืฆื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืจืฆ' ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืงืจื”, ื•ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื™ื, ื”ื• ื”ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื™ื - ืฉืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืจืขื™ืฉื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ืŸ

ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื™ืคืจื ื“ ื”ืงื ื“ื™, ื ื”ื’ ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื” 1 ืœืื ืก ืกื˜ืจื•ืœ, ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื™ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ืœื•ืง ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื™ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืืงืœื™ื ื”ื™ื-ืชื™ื›ื•ื ื™ - ืื‘ืœ ืฉื ื”ืกืชื“ืจ ืœื” ื‘ื•ืœ. ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ื˜ืจื ื“ ืžื›ื ืกื™ ื”ื‘ืจืžื•ื“ื” ื•ื’ื™ืœืชื” ืชืขื•ื–ื” ื›ืฉืฉื™ืœื‘ื” ืื•ืชื ืขื ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ืขืœ

ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืืจื”"ื‘, ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค, ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืœื ืื‘ื ืฉืœื• ืœืฆื™ื“ื•. ื”ื‘ืช ืื™ื•ื•ื ืงื” ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืืช ื”ืื™ื•ื•ื ื˜ ื•ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืžืœืชื—ืช ืจื™ื–ื•ืจื˜ ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ ื•ื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื™ื. ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื•ืžืขืœ ืกื˜ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืฉืงื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื”ื›ื™ ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ

ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ื ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืฉื‘ื• ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื•ืคื– ื‘ืช ื”-53 ืžืฉืชืคืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืขืจ "ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงืžืคื•ืก" ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง ื—ืžื•ื“. ืืœื ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื’'ื™ื ืก ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข, ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืคืขื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืžื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื• ืคื” ื‘-2001 (!)

ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื—ื’ื’ื• ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืืช ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ - ื›ืŸ, ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืืฆืœื - ื•ื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ื”ื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžื•ืจื’ืœืช ื‘ืคื•ืจืžื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื”ื›ื ืช ื•ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ืงื•ืงื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืกืฃ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื”. ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื’ื ืขืฉืชื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืœื•ืง ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ, ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืชื ื‘ื™ืงื™ื ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื ืฉืืจ ื ื•ื ืฉืœื ื˜ื™ ื•ืงื•ืœื™ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื

ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœืงื™ืฅ, ื•ื”ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ืžื—ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื•ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื–ื”. ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืขื–ื•ืช ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื“ื”ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจืฉืช ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืืžื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” โ€“ ื•ืฉื™ืจ ืœื ื ืฉืืจื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช. "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืžื ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื”"

ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืื™ืจื•ืข ื”ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื”, ื”ืœื›ื” ื”ื“ืจ ืฉื™ืจื™ ืขืœ ืœื•ืง ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืฉืจื™ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื‘ืžืœื•ื ืชืคืืจืชื, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ื’ืจื ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื” ื™ืกืžื™ืŸ ืž"ืืœืื“ื™ืŸ". ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื’ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืฆื”ื•ื‘-ื‘ื ื ื” ืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื (ื•ืชื•ื“ื” ื’ื ืœื™ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื”)

ืงื•ื“ื ืื”ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”, ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ืชืจืฉืžื ื• ืžืฉืžืœืช ื”ื›ืœื” ืฉืœื”, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื’ืœืœื ื• ืืช ืคื™ื“ ื”ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ืฉืœื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื“ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืขืœ ืกื•ืคื™ ื‘ื ื’'ืžื™ืŸ. ืœื ืจืง "ื”ื›ืœื” ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ื ื™ืช" ืฉืœ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืžืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, ืืœื ื’ื ืื™ืฉื” ืฉื ื”ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ืขื ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœื”, ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืขืจื‘ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื’'ื™ื ืกื™ื

ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช "ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช ืคืจืื“ื”" ื‘ืช ื”-43 ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืขืฉืชื” ืื• ืœื ืขืฉืชื” ืœืคื ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื ื”ื™ื” "ื”ืกื—ืช ื“ืขืช", ื•ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืืžืช ืฉืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืื– ืขืฉืชื”? ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืŸ ื•ืœื, ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืืช'ื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ื•ืขื ืช ืฉื”ื˜ืจื™ืง ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ืจืขื ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื˜ื‘

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœื” ืœื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขื“ืŸ ืคื™ื ืก, ื™ืขืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ื˜ืกื” ืœืงื ื“ื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื—ื‘ืจ, ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืคื•ืจืžื•ืœื” 1, ื•ื ืจืืชื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืœื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช - ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช. ืฉืœื‘ื™ื” ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืกื˜ ืฉืœ ื–'ืงื˜ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฆื‘ืื™ ืขื ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ื‘ื›ืชืคื™ื™ื ื•ืžื›ื ืกื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืกื•ืคืจ ืžื—ืžื™ืื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืœื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืจืก ื”ื–ื” ืขื ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืง ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืจืžืก

ื ื‘ื—ืจืช "ืจื•ืงื“ื™ื ืขื ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื" ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฉืžื™ืช, ื›ืฉื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’ ืœื‘ืฉื” ืฉืžืœืช ื›ืœื”, ืžืœื™ ืœื•ื™ ื”ืœื›ื” ืขืœ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื•ืฉื™ืจื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”. ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื’ื• ืืช ื ื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืœืขื•ื ื”

ืกืœืข ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืืช ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ื–, ื•ืืจื–ื” ืืช ื”ืžืœืชื—ื” ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืœืžืื•ืจืข โ€“ ืžืœืื” ื‘ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืงืœืืกื™ื™ื ื•ื ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืžืฉื“ืจื™ื ื™ื•ืงืจื” ืฉืงื˜ื”. ืื– ืžืื™ื–ื” ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืฉืžืœืช ื”ื‘ืœื™ื™ื–ืจ ื•ืื™ืคื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื”?