ืจืืฉื™ ืžืืžืจื™ื ืžืืช ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืคื’ื™

ืœื ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื“ื™ืช: ื”ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ืช ื•ืงืœืืกื™ืช, ืขื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืžื•ื’ื–ืžืช, ื ืงื™ื™ื” ื•ืกืงืกื™ืช - ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืขื•ื ืช ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื”, ืืฃ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ื”ืŸ

ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืžืจืฆืฃ ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจืจ ืฉืฉื™ื‘ ื“ื•ืคืงืช ื”ืขื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืš ืžื”ืจ ืžืื“ ืœื–ื•ื-ืื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉืงืคื™ ื”ืฉืžืฉ ืฉืงื ื“ืœ ืœื ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ืฆืžื•ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ืœื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ืžืื•ื“ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื•ืชื’ ืžืื•ื“ ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™. ืงื‘ืœื• ื“ืจืš ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืžื•ืจื˜ืช ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืœืคืจืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”

ืื’ื ื‘ื•ื—ื‘ื•ื˜ ื”ืคื›ื” ืืชืžื•ืœ ืžืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœ ืœืื™ื˜-ื•ื•ืžืŸ, ื•ื—ื’ื’ื” ืืช ื”ืžืื•ืจืข ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืช ื•ื‘ืœื•ืง ืฉืžืฉื™ืง ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื•ืœื•ื”ื˜ ืžืชืžื™ื“: ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ, ื“ืจืš ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืขื“ ื”ื˜ื•ืค ืฉืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉืœื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง

ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉืœืื’ื“ืช ื”ื ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื– ืื ื“ื™ ืžืงื“ื•ืืœ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืช ืžืœื‘ื“ ืžืจื’ืจื˜ ืงื•ื•ืืœื™ ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” - ืื—ื•ืชื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ื™ืคื”ืคื™ื™ื” ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืจื™ื™ื ื™. ืงื•ื•ืืœื™ ื‘ืช ื”-31 ื”ื™ื ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™, ื•ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืžืชื—ื–ืงืช ื’ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื ืขืžื•ืก ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ, ืื˜ื™ื˜ื™ื•ื“ ื•ื™ื•ืคื™ ืฉืœื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื’ืœื•ืœ

ื˜ืงืก ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืจื’ืŸ ืœืงื™ื ืงื™ื™ ืืช ืคืจืก ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื ื“ืžื” ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืœ ืื—ื•ืชื” ื™ื™ื–ื›ืจ ื”ืคืขื ื›ืื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ: ืขืœ ืจืงืข ืกืงื ื“ืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื” ื”ื˜ืจื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ ื‘ืชื” ื˜ืจื™ืกื˜ืŸ ืชื•ืžืคืกื•ืŸ, ืงืœื•ืื™ ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื— ื”ืื“ื•ื ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ืœื•ื”ื˜ืช ื•ื–ื•ื”ืจืช ืฉืขืฉืชื” ืœื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ

ื›ื ืจืื” ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืœื•ืง ื–ืžื ื™ ื•ืžืื•ืœืชืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื™ืœื•ืžื™ ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™, ื•ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืฉืื ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืชื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœืฆืืช ืื• ืœื”ืฆื˜ืœื ื‘ื• - ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœื ื™ื™ืฆื ืžื”ืจืืฉ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘. ื”ืื ื”ื™ื ืขืœืชื” ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื ื•ืกื—ืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“?

ืื—ื“ ืžืžืจืื•ืช ื”ืื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง ื›ืžืขื˜ ื—ืœืฃ ืœื ื• ืžืชื—ืช ืœืจื“ืืจ - ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืจื™ื”ืื ื” ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื”, ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืงื•ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ. ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืขื–, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื™ืคื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืจืื” ื”ื›ื™ ืงืœืืกื™

ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืฉืชื’ืขื ื• ืžื”ืœื•ืง ืฉืฉื™ืœื‘ ืžืขื™ืœ ืžื•ืฉืœื ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื”ื’ื™ืข ืชื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื”ืกืจื™ื’ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ื•ื”ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื˜ื•ื—ื™ื. ืœื•ืคื– ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื ื”ื ื™ืช ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžื›ืœ ืืื•ื˜ืคื™ื˜, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื’ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืืœื• ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืื™ืงื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื›ื™ ืžื–ื•ื”ื•ืช ืื™ืชื”

ื•ื–ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืชื—ืฉื“ื• ื‘ื•: ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชืžืงื“ื ื• ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืกื’ื•ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืข ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ื‘ื˜ื™ืงื˜ื•ืง ืขื‘ื“ื• ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ืœื™ื™ื‘ื ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืืœ ื”ืคืจืฆื•ืฃ. ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ื’ื™ืžื™ืง, ืื‘ืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืืฉื˜ืื’ื™ื ืœื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช. ื›ืš ืชื“ืขื• ืื™ื–ื” ื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื’ื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื ืœืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื›ืŸ

ื‘ืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคืื ื™'ืก ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื ื“ืช ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘ ืžื”ืžืžื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืคืคืจืืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื—ื•ืฉืคื•ืชืฅ ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจืช - ื›ื–ืืช ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืชืœื‘ื˜ื ื• ืื ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ืžืคื•ืงืคืง ืฉืœื”. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืจืฉืžื™, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆื•ืคื•ืช ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื

ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉืœืš ื ื’ื“ ื”ืงื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื’ื ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื” - ืžืžืฉ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื–ื• ืฉืœืคื ื™ื”. ื”ืงืจื“ื™ื’ืŸ ืžื•ื›ื™ื— ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืžื“ื”, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื• ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืืจื•ืŸ - ืืœื” ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ื•ื” ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื“ืฃ ื›ืจื’ืข

ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื™ื˜-ื’ื™ืจืœืก ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ืคืจื•ืžื• ืคื•ื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ ื•ื™ืจื›ื›ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘, ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื’ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืกื˜ื™ื– ื›ืžื• ืงื™ืืจื” ืคืจืื ื™ ืฉื™ื“ื’ื™ืžื• ืื™ืš ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ืžืชื”ื•ื•ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืžืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื•ื‘ืจื•ืœ ื”ืžื’ื”-ืฆืžื•ื“ ื•ื”ืื•ืœื˜ืจื”-ืคืจื—ื•ื ื™

ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืื ืื™ืจื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื™ืง ื•ื‘ืจืื“ืœื™ ืงื•ืคืจ ืžื“ืžื’ื ื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืงืืžื‘ืง ื–ื•ื’ื™ ืžืคืชื™ืข ืื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืคื•ื˜ื•ื’ื ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื ืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœ. ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืžื”ืžืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืœื™ืื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืืžื ื”ืกื•ืคืจืžื•ื“ืœ, ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื ื•ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืจื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื ื”

ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฆืžื“ื•ืช ืœื ืขืœื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืฉื ื”ื—ืžื•ื“ "ืžื’ืคื•ื ื™ื" - ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืื—ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื“ืจ ื•ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืžื™ ื›ืืŸ ื”ืื•ืจื’ื™ื ืœ: ื”ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ืืœื” ืฉื ื’ืžืจื™ื ืงืฆืช ืœืคื ื™ ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ืจืš. ืขื ื”ื’'ื™ื ืก ื‘ืคื ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ืขื ืฉืžืœื” ืื• ื—ืฆืื™ืช - ื–ื” ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ื‘ื•ืœื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื’ืข ื•ืืœื” ื”ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื™ืคื™ื ื•ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื

ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืœืฉื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืกืš, ื‘ื‘ืœืง ืคืจื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืคื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ืชืžื™ื“ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ ื‘ื”ื. ืงื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืงืจื”, ื”ืฉืคืชื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื™ื™ืงืืค ื•ื”ืกืจื•ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื–ืจื•ืง ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืขื’ืœืช ื”ืงื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ืช