ืจืืฉื™ ืžืืžืจื™ื ืžืืช ืžื™ื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™

ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื—ื–ืจืช ื‘ื—ื•ื›ืžื” ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืกืœื‘ืก ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื” ืื™ืš ืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” 44. ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื” ื ืฆืจ ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื ื’ื™ืฉ, ืžืงื“ืžืช ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื•ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื ืœื”ืŸ. ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื•ื”ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื” ืคื•ืœื•ืื• ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”

ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืฉืจ ืกืœื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ื“ ืคื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ื”ื”ื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”. ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืื•ื‘ืจื•ืœ ืืจื•ืš ื•ืฆืžื•ื“ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืชื—ืจื” ืฉืงื•ืคื” ืขื ืชืคืจื™ื ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื“ืžื™ื ืžื—ื•ืš ื•ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืœื•ืง ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืคื” ืขื ืžื›ื ืกื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื‘ื•ืจื“ื• ื•ื’ืจื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ืืžื™ื. ืขืคื ื•

ื“ืžื™ ืžื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืกื˜ืจืคืœืก ืžื˜ืืœื™ืช, ืกืœื™ื ื” ื’ื•ืžื– ืคื™ื–ืจื” ื—ื™ื•ื›ื™ื ืžืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืจืื” ืื•ืœื“-ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“, ื ื™ืงื•ืœ ืงื™ื“ืžืŸ ื—ืฉืคื” ื’ื‘ ื‘ืฉืžืœื” ื›ืกื•ืคื” ืงืœื™ืœื”, ื•ืื“ื ื‘ืจื•ื“ื™ ื•ืœื™ื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื•ืงื™ื ื•ื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืช' ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ื‘ืœื™ื™ืจ ื•ื•ืœื“ื•ืจืฃ. ื›ืœ ื”ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžื”ื˜ืงืก ืฉื ืขืจืš ืืžืฉ

ื”ืฉื˜ื™ื— ื”ืื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืงืก ื’ืœื•ื‘ื•ืก ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืื™ืชื• ืฉืœืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžืœื•ืช ืคืืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืœื‘, ื’ืœ ื’ื“ื•ืช ื ืจืืชื” ื›ืžื” ืจืžื•ืช ืžืขืœ ื›ื•ืœืŸ. ืื– ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืกื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขืช ื”ืฆื”ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื”, ืื‘ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ื•ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ืฉื‘ื—ืจื” ืœืื™ืจื•ืข. ื”ื™ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื ืชืคืจื” ืœืžื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ื ืชื ื” ืœื’ืœ ืœื•ืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—

ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘-ืคืขืžื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžืชื”, ื”ื™ื ืจืง ืžืชื—ืœืคืช. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื›ื•ืกื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื ืœื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื”ื™ืžืืก, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืกืชืžื ืช ืื™ื˜-ืงืืค ื—ื“ืฉื”: ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืชื’ OWALA, ืฉืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืขืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืœืžืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื ื–ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืฉืืจ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืชื’ืžื“ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ื—ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืกืชื˜ื™ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœื”. ืื– ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื”?

ืืžื™ืœื™ ืงื•ืคืจ ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื” ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื•ืคื ื” ื•ื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืœื•ืง ืจื•ืชื— ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ืค ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืžื‘ืจื™ืง ืฉืžืฆื™ื’ ื’ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืขื ืฉืชื™ ืจืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื“ืงื™ืงื•ืช, ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื’'ื™ื ืก ื”ืžื ื•ืžืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉื‘ื ืœื ื• ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ

ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ืช ื”ืขืกื•ืงื” ื•ืื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ืžืฆืื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืœ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœื”. ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืขื“ื” ืขื ื‘ื ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ื“ื ื™, ื•ื—ื“ื™ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืคื“ื™ื—ื”: ืจื•ื›ืกืŸ ื”ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœื” ื ื•ืชืจ ืคืชื•ื—. ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช

ืืœ ืชืชืœื”ื‘ื•, ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืงืื˜-ืคื™ื™ื˜ ืžื–'ืื ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื ื“ื” ื•ืงืœื™, ืืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืกืฉืŸ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ: ื”ืฉื•ืคื˜ืช ืคืœืก ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื” ืœืœื•ืง ื”ืžื ืฆื ืฅ ื•ื”ืœื•ื”ื˜ ืฉืœื” ืืช ื”ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ - ืžืฉืงืคื™ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžื˜ืืœื™ืช ื“ืงื” ืขื ื’ืฉืจ ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืกื™ื. ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”

ืฉื™ืงืื’ื• ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืื•ืžื ื ืจืง ื‘ืช ืฉืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคืง ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืช ืงืจื“ืฉื™ืืŸ. ืฉื™ืงืื’ื• ื‘ื—ืจื” ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“ ื‘ืฉืžืœืช ืขื•ืจ ืชื•ืืžืช ืœืฉืžืœื” ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ืื™ืžื ืงื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ื ืงื•ื“ื. ืืคืฉืจ ืœืกื›ื ื‘ืงืœื•ืช ืžื™ ืœื‘ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ - ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืฉื™ืงื’ื•

ื”ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœืขืจื‘ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื’ื ื•ื ื•ืช, ื˜ืงืกื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื”ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ืืกืชื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœื”. ืจื’ืข ืœืคื ื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ "ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ืืฆืœื™" ืฆืœืœื ื• ืœืคื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื” ื ืื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชืจืฉืžื ื• ืžื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืื•ืคื ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืชื— ืฉืœื”

ื›ืฉืืช ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืื•ืคื ื” ื–ื” ืจืง ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืชืฉื‘ืจื™ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ ืžื” ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš. ืžืื™ื” ืขื–ืจื™ื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืคืฆื— ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืœื•ืงื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื. ืฉืžืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื™ื“ืจื•ื’ ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช, ื”ืฉืžืœื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืœืืกื™ืช ื•ื”ืœื•ืง ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืžื•ืžื™ื. ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ื—ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืคื’ืฉื ื• ื›ืœื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื ื•ืขื–ืช ืœืœื•ืง ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื–ื”

ื”ืืงืกืกื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื ื—ืฉืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืžื•ืชื’ ื”ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ืกื˜ื ืœื™, ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ 2.6 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ืขื ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžื›ืกื” ืฉื‘ืžื’ืข ืขื ื—ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชื›ื•ื•ืฅ ื•ืœื”ืชืจื—ื‘, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื›-90 ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื›ืกื™ื ืฉื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืžื”ื›ื•ืกื•ืช ืื• ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆื™ื, ื‘-38 ืžืชื•ื›ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื—ืœืงืŸ ื“ืจืฉื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™

ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื›ื–ื•ื’ืชื• ืฉืœ ื’'ืฃ ื‘ื–ื•ืก, ืžืชื—ืจื” ืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืืจ ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ืœื•ืจืŸ ืกื ืฆ'ื– ื”ื™ื, ืžืกืชื‘ืจ, ื’ื ืกื•ืคืจืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืจื” ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ืฆื˜ืœืžื” ืฉื ื‘ืœื•ืง ื—ืฆื™ืœื™ ืžื—ืžื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื›ืœืœ ื—ื•ืœืฆืช-ืกืจื™ื’ ืฉืงื•ืคื” ื•ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื–ืจื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”

ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื˜ืœืžื” ืœืงืžืคื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคื ื“ื•ืจื” ืขื ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืžืคืชื™ืข: ื”ื›ืœื‘ ื”ืžืชื•ืง ืคืจื“. ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ืจื’ืขื ื• ืžื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืŸ ื”ื–ืขื™ืจ ื”ืชืคื ื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืœื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื’ โ€“ ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื ืขืžื“ื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืขื™ืœื™ื ืงืœืืกื™ื™ื, ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืžืฉืœื•. ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•

ืฉืชื™ ื”ื•ืคืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื’ืจืžื• ืœืขื“ืŸ ื‘ืŸ ื–ืงืŸ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื” ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคื” ืฉืžืœื” ื•ื’ื ืœื ื—ืฆืื™ืช. ืฉื ื™ ืœื•ืงื™ื ืขื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉืจืื•ืช ืžื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืขื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืฉืงื•ืคื™ื. ื›ื›ื” ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืจืื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื”